Indonesia’s coral reefs have been severely damaged by global and local stressors, and a range of active restoration techniques are now being used in attempts to rebuild degraded reefs. However, it is difficult to summarise Indonesia’s restoration efforts as a whole due to a lack of consistent reporting. Here, we first discuss Indonesia's legal policy framework concerning reef restoration; this is included in the agenda of two government ministries (Marine Affairs and Fisheries, and Environment and Forestry), and comprises national laws and governmental, presidential and ministerial regulations. We then provide an extensive review of reef restoration projects in Indonesia, documenting 533 records across the country between 1990 and 2020. Most (73%) of these records come from the past ten years, and many (42%) are reported in online news articles rather than scientific reports or papers. This review identified 120,483 units of artificial reef installed across Indonesia, along with 53,640 units of coral transplantation (including both coral nurseries and direct out-planting onto reefs); in total, 965,992 fragments of hard coral have been planted across Indonesia. The most favoured restoration materials are concrete (46%) and steel structures (24%). Projects are organised by a diverse range of governmental, NGO, private and community-led organisations. This review demonstrates that Indonesia’s policy has encouraged a diverse range of practitioners to implement reef restoration, but projects are often not coordinated with wider networks of restoration practitioners or scientists, and only 16% of the identified projects included a post-installation monitoring framework. Incorporating clear objectives and long-term monitoring programmes in project planning stages, while prioritising knowledge exchange and engagement with international scientific community, will substantially improve restoration outcomes in Indonesia. This will allow the country to fulfil its considerable potential as a global leader in rebuilding damaged coral reefs.

印度尼西亚的珊瑚礁受到全球和当地压力源的严重破坏，目前正在使用一系列积极的修复技术来重建退化的珊瑚礁。然而，由于缺乏一致的报告，很难从整体上总结印度尼西亚的恢复工作。在这里，我们首先讨论印度尼西亚关于珊瑚礁恢复的法律政策框架；这包括在两个政府部委（海洋事务和渔业以及环境和林业）的议程中，包括国家法律和政府、总统和部级法规。然后，我们对印度尼西亚的珊瑚礁修复项目进行了广泛审查，记录了 1990 年至 2020 年间全国的 533 条记录。这些记录中的大部分 (73%) 来自过去十年，许多 (42%) 是在在线新闻文章而不是科学报告或论文中报道的。该审查确定了印度尼西亚各地安装的 120,483 个人造珊瑚礁，以及 53,640 个珊瑚移植单位（包括珊瑚苗圃和直接外植珊瑚礁）；印度尼西亚总共种植了 965,992 块硬珊瑚碎片。最受欢迎的修复材料是混凝土（46%）和钢结构（24%）。项目由各种政府、非政府组织、私人和社区领导的组织组织。本次审查表明，印度尼西亚的政策鼓励各种从业者实施珊瑚礁修复，但项目往往没有与更广泛的修复从业者或科学家网络协调，并且只有 16% 的已确定项目包括安装后监控框架。在项目规划阶段纳入明确的目标和长期监测计划，同时优先考虑知识交流和与国际科学界的接触，将大大改善印度尼西亚的恢复成果。这将使该国能够发挥其作为重建受损珊瑚礁的全球领导者的巨大潜力。