Background Pneumonia is a common illness, accounting for a staggering amount of worldwide morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis of pneumonia is challenging given the variety of responsible pathogens. Diagnostic testing for bacterial pneumonia has traditionally relied on time-consuming culture-based methods, though recently multiplexed molecular approaches have been described. Multiplexed molecular assays for pneumonia have the potential to provide broad diagnostic information in a rapid timeframe. Much has yet to be learned about these assays regarding analytical performance, potential impact, and optimal implementation strategy. Content Herein we provide a summary of what is known and what has yet to be learned about multiplexed molecular pneumonia assays. We provide a comparison of the different commercially available assays and summarize the most current performance data for each. We further describe outcome data and lessons learned from those who have implemented these assays worldwide. Finally, based on the current state of performance and outcome data, we provide informed strategies and considerations for laboratories contemplating implementation. Summary Multiplexed molecular assays for the diagnosis of pneumonia boast high accuracy though the diagnostic information gained from these assays is inherently different from culture and must be interpreted in cultural context. Despite this, these assays can be powerful and effective diagnostic tools with a potential to positively impact patient care. The extent to which this is realized varies from setting to setting, though is dependent on thoughtful implementation and a focus on delivering clear, rapid, and actionable results that can be interpreted in the appropriate context.

中文翻译：

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肺炎的分子诊断（包括多重面板）

背景 肺炎是一种常见疾病，占全球发病率和死亡率的惊人数量。鉴于病原体种类繁多，肺炎的诊断具有挑战性。细菌性肺炎的诊断测试传统上依赖于耗时的基于培养的方法，尽管最近已经描述了多路复用的分子方法。肺炎的多重分子检测有可能在快速的时间内提供广泛的诊断信息。关于这些分析的分析性能、潜在影响和最佳实施策略，还有很多东西有待了解。内容 在此，我们总结了关于多重分子肺炎检测的已知和尚未了解的内容。我们提供了不同市售检测方法的比较，并总结了每种检测方法的最新性能数据。我们进一步描述了从全球实施这些检测的人那里获得的结果数据和经验教训。最后，根据当前的性能和结果数据，我们为考虑实施的实验室提供了明智的策略和考虑因素。总结 用于诊断肺炎的多重分子检测具有很高的准确性，尽管从这些检测中获得的诊断信息本质上与文化不同，必须在文化背景下进行解释。尽管如此，这些化验可以成为强大而有效的诊断工具，有可能对患者护理产生积极影响。实现这一点的程度因设置而异，