Autonomous experimentation and chemical discovery strategies are rapidly rising across multiple fields of science. However, closed-loop material development approaches have not been widely employed in colloidal nanoscience mainly due to the challenges in synthesis space size, sensitivity to reaction conditions, and the complexity of monitoring multiple synthesis outputs. Recent advancements in automated reactor designs for controlled and reproducible nanocrystal synthesis and intelligent experiment selection algorithms are leading to wider propagation of artificial intelligence-guided autonomous experimentation techniques in colloidal nanoscience. This review will cover the current literature on closed-loop, autonomous platforms for accelerated development of colloidal nanomaterials and discuss the critical features and strategies for developing autonomous robotic experimentation systems suitable to problems in colloidal nanoscience, while providing the context, effectiveness, and prospects of each technique. Then, we will discuss some immediate opportunities in the field for more rapid technological advancement and colloidal nanomaterial discovery.

中文翻译：

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现代纳米科学：人工智能、机器人和胶体合成的融合

自主实验和化学发现策略在多个科学领域迅速兴起。然而，由于合成空间大小、对反应条件的敏感性以及监测多个合成输出的复杂性等方面的挑战，闭环材料开发方法尚未广泛应用于胶体纳米科学。用于可控和可重复纳米晶体合成的自动化反应器设计和智能实验选择算法的最新进展正在导致胶体纳米科学中人工智能引导的自主实验技术的更广泛传播。这篇综述将涵盖当前关于闭环的文献，加速开发胶体纳米材料的自主平台，讨论开发适用于胶体纳米科学问题的自主机器人实验系统的关键特征和策略，同时提供每种技术的背景、有效性和前景。然后，我们将讨论该领域的一些直接机会，以实现更快速的技术进步和胶体纳米材料的发现。