Once merely ancient arts, origami (i.e., paper folding) and kirigami (i.e., paper cutting) have in recent years also become popular for building mechanical metamaterials and now provide valuable design guidelines. By means of folding and cutting, two-dimensional thin-film materials are transformed into complex three-dimensional structures and shapes with unique and programmable mechanical properties. In this review, mechanical metamaterials based on origami and/or kirigami are categorized into three groups: (i) origami-based ones (with folding only), (ii) kirigami-based ones (with cutting only), and (iii) hybrid origami–kirigami-based ones (with both folding and cutting). For each category, the deformation mechanisms, design principles, functions, and applications are reviewed from a mechanical perspective.

中文翻译：

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基于折纸和剪纸的机械超材料

曾经仅仅是古老的艺术，折纸（即折纸）和剪纸（即剪纸）近年来在构建机械超材料方面也变得流行，现在提供了有价值的设计指南。通过折叠和切割，二维薄膜材料转变为具有独特和可编程机械性能的复杂三维结构和形状。在这篇综述中，基于折纸和/或剪纸的机械超材料分为三组：（i）基于折纸的（仅折叠），（ii）基于剪纸的（仅切割），以及（iii）混合基于折纸的剪纸（折叠和切割）。对于每个类别，从力学角度回顾了变形机制、设计原理、功能和应用。