Abstract

Background

Teenaged boys die more often than girls by suicide, although they report fewer suicide attempts and seek less care. The aim of this work is to explore the subjective experience of adolescent suicidal behavior to determine the aspects that are common to adolescent girls and boys and those that are specific to one gender.

Method

The study included 22 adolescents receiving care for suicidal behavior. The semi-structured interviews were analyzed according to the methods of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.

Results

Three themes of experience emerged: the experience of suffering, connection to others, and courage. The individual and interpersonal dimensions highlight feelings that they are not understood by others and are isolated. Young boys experience relationship difficulties more as rejection, and young girls describe a fear of being abandoned, for which they feel responsible. Boys and girls have different definitions of courage: boys sometimes appear to value the courage to risk death, while girls perceived risk—and therefore courage—in seeking help.

Discussion

Specific prevention programs must focus on the perception of care and its representations. By positioning the experience of adolescents as expertise, these programs would thus better respond to the expectations and the reluctance of this audience. Gender attitudes that are harmful to the use of care can be addressed and worked on. By separating the reception of care from the demeaning representation common among teens, these can be linked to a notion of shared vulnerability and interdependence and enable earlier recourse to treatment.

中文翻译：

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自杀经历中的性别：一项针对青少年的定性研究

摘要

背景

十几岁的男孩比女孩更容易死于自杀，尽管他们报告的自杀未遂和寻求护理的次数较少。这项工作的目的是探索青少年自杀行为的主观体验，以确定青春期男孩和女孩共有的方面以及特定于一种性别的方面。

方法

该研究包括 22 名因自杀行为而接受治疗的青少年。根据解释现象学分析的方法对半结构式访谈进行分析。

结果

体验的三个主题出现了：痛苦的体验、与他人的联系和勇气。个人和人际关系维度突出了他们不被他人理解和孤立的感觉。年轻男孩在关系困难中经历的更多是被拒绝，而年轻女孩则描述了害怕被遗弃的恐惧，她们对此感到有责任。男孩和女孩对勇气有不同的定义：男孩有时似乎看重冒着死亡风险的勇气，而女孩则认为有风险——因此也有勇气——寻求帮助。

讨论

具体的预防计划必须侧重于对护理的看法及其表现。通过将青少年的经验定位为专业知识，这些项目将因此更好地回应这些观众的期望和不情愿。可以解决和解决对使用护理有害的性别态度。通过将接受护理与青少年常见的贬低表现分开，这些可以与共同的脆弱性和相互依赖性的概念联系起来，并能够更早地求助于治疗。