Oxidative stress plays a role in many aspects of cellular metabolism, and as a result, antioxidants have the potential to impact cellular stoichiometry and biogeochemical cycles. We reviewed how antioxidant systems influence macronutrient and micronutrient stoichiometry in marine phytoplankton and identified that antioxidant systems have important implications for micronutrient stoichiometry. By leveraging diatom proteomic data, we empirically estimated the level of micronutrient quota variation that can be attributed to antioxidant systems. Fe-containing antioxidant expression may contribute to 3.3–10 μmol : mol variation in Fe : C, and superoxide dismutases appear to be important contributors to variation in Mn, Ni, Zn, and Cu quotas in phytoplankton. Critical next steps for the study of phytoplankton antioxidant systems are to (1) distinguish between oxidative stress and redox-based gene regulation and (2) determine how antioxidants influence variation or consistency in micronutrient quotas under various environmental conditions.

中文翻译：

---

浮游植物抗氧化系统及其对细胞元素化学计量的贡献

氧化应激在细胞代谢的许多方面都发挥着作用，因此，抗氧化剂有可能影响细胞化学计量和生物地球化学循环。我们回顾了抗氧化系统如何影响海洋浮游植物中的常量营养素和微量营养素化学计量，并确定抗氧化系统对微量营养素化学计量具有重要意义。通过利用硅藻蛋白质组学数据，我们凭经验估计了可归因于抗氧化系统的微量营养素配额变化水平。含铁抗氧化剂的表达可能有助于 3.3-10  μmol : mol Fe : C 的变化和超氧化物歧化酶似乎是浮游植物中 Mn、Ni、Zn 和 Cu 配额变化的重要贡献者。研究浮游植物抗氧化系统的关键下一步是（1）区分氧化应激和基于氧化还原的基因调控，（2）确定抗氧化剂如何影响各种环境条件下微量营养素配额的变化或一致性。