Nearly all organisms rely on natural fluctuations of light as cues for synchronizing physiological processes and behavioural actions associated with foraging, growth, sleep and rest, reproduction, and migration. Consequently, although artificial lighting sources have provided a plethora of benefits for humans, they can lead to disruptions for wild organisms. With one quarter of the human population living within 100 km of coastlines, there is great potential for artificial light at night (ALAN) to influence the physiology, behaviour and fitness of fishes. Through a review of the literature (n = 584 publications focused on the effects of ALAN on individual organisms or ecosystems), we illustrate that most papers have concentrated on terrestrial species (59%) compared with aquatic species (20%) or a mixed approach (21%). Fishes have been underrepresented in comparison with many other taxa such as birds, insects and mammals, representing the focus of less than 8% of taxa-specific publications. While the number of publications per year focusing on fishes has generally been increasing since the mid-2000s, there has been a downturn in publication rate in the last few years. To understand where research related to ALAN in fishes has been focused, we partitioned studies into categories and found that publications have mostly concerned behaviour (41.0%), abundance and community structure (24.4%), and physiology (22.8%), while the longer-term effects on fitness (6.9%) are lacking. We synthesize the research completed in fishes and outline future priorities that will help ascertain the short- and long-term consequences of this relatively novel stressor for fish health and persistence.

中文翻译：

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夜间人造光对鱼类的影响：未来研究重点的综合

几乎所有的生物都依赖于光的自然波动作为同步与觅食、生长、睡眠和休息、繁殖和迁移相关的生理过程和行为行为的线索。因此，尽管人造光源为人类提供了许多好处，但它们可能会导致野生生物的破坏。四分之一的人口生活在海岸线 100 公里以内，夜间人造光 (ALAN) 有很大的潜力影响鱼类的生理、行为和健康。通过文献回顾（n = 584 篇论文关注 ALAN 对个体生物或生态系统的影响），我们说明大多数论文都集中在陆地物种（59%）上，而水生物种（20%）或混合方法（21%）。与鸟类、昆虫和哺乳动物等许多其他分类群相比，鱼类的代表性不足，在特定分类出版物中的关注点不到 8%。虽然自 2000 年代中期以来每年以鱼类为重点的出版物数量普遍增加，但在过去几年中，出版率一直在下降。为了了解与 ALAN 相关的鱼类研究的重点，我们将研究分为几类，发现出版物主要关注行为 (41.0%)、丰度和群落结构 (24.4%) 和生理学 (22.8%)，而缺乏对健康的长期影响（6.9%）。我们综合了在鱼类中完成的研究并概述了未来的优先事项，这将有助于确定这种相对新颖的压力源对鱼类健康和持久性的短期和长期后果。