We sought to aggregate common barriers and facilitators to screening adolescents for sensitive health topics (e.g., depression, chlamydia) in primary care, as well as those that are unique to a given health topic. We conducted a literature search of three databases (PsycInfo, MEDLINE, and CINAHL) and reference lists of included articles. Studies focused on barriers and facilitators to screening adolescents (ages 12–17 years) for sensitive health topics in primary care that are recommended by national guidelines. Articles were peer-reviewed, presented empirical data, and were published in English in 2006–2021. We coded barriers and facilitators using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, a well-established framework within implementation science. In total, 39 studies met inclusion criteria and spanned several health topics: depression, suicide, substance use, HIV, and chlamydia. We found common barriers and facilitators to screening across health topics, with most relating to characteristics of the primary care clinics (e.g., time constraints). Other factors relevant to screening implementation ranged from confidentiality concerns to clinician knowledge. Barriers and facilitators specific to certain health topics, such as the availability of on-site laboratories for HIV screening, were also noted. Findings can guide refinements to screening implementation.

我们试图汇总常见的障碍和促进因素，以筛查青少年初级保健中的敏感健康主题（例如抑郁症、衣原体）以及特定健康主题特有的问题。我们对三个数据库（PsycInfo、MEDLINE 和 CINAHL）以及所包含文章的参考文献列表进行了文献检索。研究重点是国家指南建议的初级保健敏感健康主题筛查青少年（12-17 岁）的障碍和促进因素。文章经过同行评审，提供实证数据，并于 2006 年至 2021 年以英文发表。我们使用实施研究综合框架（实施科学中一个完善的框架）对障碍和促进因素进行了编码。总共有 39 项研究符合纳入标准，涵盖多个健康主题：抑郁症、自杀、药物滥用、艾滋病毒和衣原体。我们发现了跨健康主题筛查的常见障碍和促进因素，其中大多数与初级保健诊所的特征有关（例如时间限制）。与筛查实施相关的其他因素包括保密问题和临床医生知识。还指出了特定于某些健康主题的障碍和促进因素，例如艾滋病毒筛查现场实验室的可用性。研究结果可以指导筛选实施的改进。