Due to the nature of the agricultural and food industry, the management of production, storage, transportation, waste disposal and environmental effects of their production, are of great importance. To deal with the sustainability issues linked to their supply chains, we propose in this study a mathematical model to design a sustainable supply chain of highly perishable agricultural product (strawberry). The model is a multiperiod, multiproduct multiobjective MINLP mathematical program that takes into consideration economic, social and environmental objectives to cover all aspects of sustainability. In addition, a G/M/S/M queuing system is developed for the transportation of harvested products between facilities for the first time. Since real-world problems related to industries such as food and agriculture are inherently uncertain, in this model, the important parameters of the problem are considered uncertain using fuzzy sets theory and a hybrid robust possibilistic programming model is developed. In addition, the Epsilon constraint approach converts the multiobjective mathematical model into a single-objective one and the Lagrangian relaxation method is used to effectively solve the model on a large scale. A case study in Iran is provided to investigate the results and discuss the solutions. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is performed to identify the impacts of important parameters on the solution. According to the analysis, equipping greenhouses with drip irrigation system and using solar panels in greenhouses, respectively, have the greatest impact on improving all target functions.

中文翻译：

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使用排队系统考虑水-能源-食物关系的可持续农业供应链网络设计：一种混合稳健的可能性规划

由于农业和食品工业的性质，生产、储存、运输、废物处理及其生产的环境影响的管理非常重要。为了处理与其供应链相关的可持续性问题，我们在本研究中提出了一个数学模型来设计高度易腐农产品（草莓）的可持续供应链。该模型是一个多周期、多产品、多目标的 MINLP 数学程序，它考虑了经济、社会和环境目标，以涵盖可持续性的所有方面。此外，首次开发了 G/M/S/M 排队系统，用于在设施之间运输收获的产品。由于与食品和农业等行业相关的现实问题本质上是不确定的，因此在该模型中，使用模糊集理论认为问题的重要参数是不确定的，并开发了混合鲁棒可能规划模型。此外，Epsilon约束方法将多目标数学模型转化为单目标数学模型，并采用拉格朗日松弛法有效地对模型进行大规模求解。提供了伊朗的案例研究来调查结果并讨论解决方案。最后，进行敏感性分析以确定重要参数对解决方案的影响。据分析，温室配备滴灌系统和在温室中使用太阳能电池板分别对提高所有目标功能的影响最大。