Periosteum-derived progenitor cells (PDPCs) are highly promising cell sources for bone fracture healing because of their stem cell-like multipotency to undergo osteogenesis and chondrogenesis. Both externally physical stimulation and internally biochemical signal were reported to enhance osteogenic differentiation of bone tissues. Electric stimulation (ES) could trigger the differentiation of stem cells, like mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). But the effect is still unclear on PDPCs. In order to investigate the differentiation ability of PDPCs co-induced by ES and ADSCs, a biomimetic 3-dimensional (3D) co-culture system was developed for providing ES and co-culturing with ADSCs. Gene expression was studied after a 3-day culture course. From our results, osteogenic differentiation of PDPCs was significantly activated under the ES of 0.7 V/cm, 80 kHz, and 3 hrs/day. Moreover, co-culturing with ADSCs during the ES treatment was found to have synergistic effect of osteogenic differentiation. In addition, chondrogenic differentiation was shown when the PDPCs were cultured for a long culture course. In summary, osteogenic differentiation of PDPCs was shown to be co-induced by ES and ADSCs. This study provides significant insights of the PDPC therapy for bone tissue regeneration.

中文翻译：

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电刺激诱导的兔骨膜来源前体细胞和脂肪来源干细胞在 3D 共培养系统中的成骨作用

骨膜衍生祖细胞 (PDPC) 是非常有前途的骨折愈合细胞来源，因为它们具有干细胞样的多能性，可以进行成骨和软骨形成。据报道，外部物理刺激和内部生化信号均可增强骨组织的成骨分化。电刺激 (ES) 可以触发干细胞的分化，如间充质干细胞 (MSC) 和脂肪干细胞 (ADSC)。但对PDPCs的影响尚不清楚。为了研究由 ES 和 ADSCs 共同诱导的 PDPCs 的分化能力，开发了仿生 3 维 (3D) 共培养系统，用于提供 ES 和与 ADSCs 共培养。在为期 3 天的培养课程后研究基因表达。从我们的结果来看，在 0.7 V/cm、80 kHz 和 3 小时/天的 ES 下，PDPC 的成骨分化显着激活。此外，发现在 ES 治疗期间与 ADSCs 共培养具有成骨分化的协同作用。此外，当 PDPCs 被长时间培养时，显示出软骨分化。总之，PDPCs 的成骨分化被证明是由 ES 和 ADSCs 共同诱导的。这项研究为骨组织再生的 PDPC 疗法提供了重要的见解。PDPCs 的成骨分化被证明是由 ES 和 ADSCs 共同诱导的。这项研究为骨组织再生的 PDPC 疗法提供了重要的见解。PDPCs 的成骨分化被证明是由 ES 和 ADSCs 共同诱导的。这项研究为骨组织再生的 PDPC 疗法提供了重要的见解。