There is growing interest in the role of microorganisms in human health and disease, with evidence showing that new types of biotherapy using engineered bacterial therapeutics, including bacterial derivatives, can address specific mechanisms of disease. The complex interactions between microorganisms and metabolic/immunologic pathways underlie many diseases with unmet medical needs, suggesting that targeting these interactions may improve patient treatment. Using tools from synthetic biology and chemical engineering, non-pathogenic bacteria or bacterial products can be programmed and designed to sense and respond to environmental signals to deliver therapeutic effectors. This review describes current progress in biotherapy using live bacteria and their derivatives to achieve therapeutic benefits against various diseases.

人们对微生物在人类健康和疾病中的作用越来越感兴趣，有证据表明，使用工程细菌疗法（包括细菌衍生物）的新型生物疗法可以解决特定的疾病机制。微生物与代谢/免疫途径之间复杂的相互作用是许多医疗需求未得到满足的疾病的基础，这表明针对这些相互作用可能会改善患者的治疗。使用来自合成生物学和化学工程的工具，可以对非致病细菌或细菌产品进行编程和设计，以感知和响应环境信号以提供治疗效应。这篇综述描述了利用活细菌及其衍生物实现对各种疾病的治疗益处的生物疗法的当前进展。