This essay explores how to broaden the scope of what constitutes anthropological and ethnographic research by cross-fertilizing with data science. I discuss four types of relationships anthropologists have sought to foster with data science: anthropology of data science, anthropology over data science, anthropology with data science, and, the least developed of the four, anthropology by data science. Data science as a field has cultivated abductive, bottom-up forms of quantitative research, which provide useful quantitative parallels to similarly abductive, bottom-up qualitative techniques in ethnographic research. Anthropologists should adopt an anthropology by data science perspective through incorporating machine-learning and other data science techniques into anthropological research. Nick Seaver's concept of bastard disciplines and methodologies provides a helpful framework for such work. [data science, machine learning, ethnography, anthropology]

中文翻译：

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数据科学人类学

本文探讨了如何通过与数据科学的交叉融合来拓宽人类学和民族志研究的范围。我讨论了人类学家试图与数据科学建立的四种关系：数据科学的人类学、数据科学的人类学、数据科学的人类学，以及四种中最不发达的数据科学人类学。数据科学作为一个领域已经培养了可溯源的、自下而上的定量研究形式，这为民族志研究中类似的溯源、自下而上的定性技术提供了有用的定量平行。人类学家应该通过将机器学习和其他数据科学技术纳入人类学研究，从数据科学的角度采用人类学。尼克西弗 他对混蛋学科和方法论的概念为此类工作提供了一个有用的框架。[数据科学、机器学习、民族志、人类学]