Rainfall-runoff modeling is essential for addressing a wide range of issues in urban drainage system design and operation in both scientific research and engineering practice. Recently, it has become increasingly attractive to use the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method to model rainfall-runoff because of its inherent features such as mesh-free and automatic adaptiveness for wet-dry interfaces. However, one of its inadequacies is the lack of an infiltration effect within rainfall-runoff modeling. Hence, we propose a new methodology that innovatively integrates the infiltration effect into the shallow water equation (SWE) system with the SPH method (SPH-SWE) to represent a more complete rainfall-runoff process. In the proposed method, the mass-varied SPH-SWE (MVSPH-SWE) method is enhanced by integrating the infiltration model. A naked area treatment (NAT) method is subsequently proposed to improve the modeling efficiency and accuracy. The obtained numerical results are validated using experimental data from the literature. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is accurate and reliable. The achievements and findings of this study are expected to improve and extend the use of existing hydrological process models.

降雨-径流建模对于解决科学研究和工程实践中城市排水系统设计和运行中的广泛问题至关重要。最近，使用平滑粒子流体动力学 (SPH) 方法模拟降雨径流变得越来越有吸引力，因为它具有无网格和干湿界面自动自适应等固有特性。然而，它的不足之一是在降雨径流模型中缺乏渗透效应。因此，我们提出了一种新的方法，创新地将入渗效应与 SPH 方法 (SPH-SWE) 结合到浅水方程 (SWE) 系统中，以表示更完整的降雨径流过程。在所提出的方法中，通过集成渗透模型增强了质量变化的 SPH-SWE (MVSPH-SWE) 方法。随后提出了一种裸区处理（NAT）方法来提高建模效率和准确性。使用文献中的实验数据验证获得的数值结果。结果表明所提出的方法是准确可靠的。本研究的成果和发现有望改进和扩展现有水文过程模型的使用。