ABSTRACT

Soil management could help the recovery from a soil compaction. We investigated the impact of a 14-year integrated soybean-beef cattle system on soil physical recovery. Soil core samples were taken from 0–5 and 5–10 cm twice after grazing and soybean harvesting. Soil compaction and soil recovery capacity were determined in the laboratory by compression of field core samples following wetting-drying cycles. Soil bulk density and macroporosity were measured six times, i.e. before and after the soil compression, and after each wetting-drying cycle (four times). Soil organic carbon and texture were determined. Intensive grazing increased soil bulk density compared to moderate and light (from 1.38 Mg m⁻³ to 1.24 Mg m⁻³) and decreased macroporosity (from 0.09 m³ m⁻³ to 0.14 m³ m⁻³) at the 0–5 cm layer. The wetting-drying cycles reduced soil compaction in all treatments, especially in the lower grazing intensity and ungrazed (macroporosity from 0.08 m³ m⁻³ after compaction to 0.16 m³ m⁻³ after recovery). Our data suggest that the soil physical recovery depends on its initial physical conditions. Soil recovery responses to stresses observed, positive in moderate grazing, suggest that measurements of physical recovery could be useful in describing differences between integrated soybean-beef cattle systems.

摘要

土壤管理可以帮助从土壤压实中恢复。我们调查了 14 年的综合大豆-肉牛系统对土壤物理恢复的影响。在放牧和大豆收获后，两次从 0-5 和 5-10 厘米处采集土壤核心样本。土壤压实和土壤恢复能力是在实验室中通过在干湿循环后压缩田间岩心样品来确定的。土壤容重和大孔隙率测量了六次，即在土壤压缩之前和之后，以及在每个干湿循环之后（四次）。确定了土壤有机碳和质地。与中度和轻度放牧（从 1.38 Mg m ^-3到 1.24 Mg m ^-3）相比，集约化放牧增加了土壤容重并降低了大孔隙率（从 0.09 m ³ m⁻³至 0.14 m ³ m ⁻³ ) 在 0–5 cm 层。干湿循环降低了所有处理中的土壤压实度，尤其是在较低的放牧强度和未放牧（大孔隙率从压实后的 0.08 m ³ m ⁻³到恢复后的0.16 m ³ m ^{−3 ）。}我们的数据表明，土壤物理恢复取决于其初始物理条件。观察到的土壤恢复对压力的反应，在适度放牧中呈阳性，表明物理恢复的测量可用于描述综合大豆-肉牛系统之间的差异。