Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly used in marine wildlife research and have rapidly expanded across many scientific disciplines. As recent technological developments have improved the versatility and functionality of UAVs, the potential of these systems for research on small-scale and artisanal fisheries has grown considerably, although this potential is still underexploited. However, there is growing interest in the application of cost-effective UAVs for aerial surveys of fishery activities, but few empirical studies have produced reliable findings to aid the development of effective management actions. Common challenges for effective management include funding limitations and problems related to survey design, coverage, and implementation. In this context, aerial devices have the capacity to fill a niche for intensive fine-scale sampling in which data gathering strategies need to be tailored to specific operational requirements. Detailed documentation and monitoring of harvest processes and fisheries practices by UAVs can provide important insights into fishing gear and techniques (e.g., gillnets and seine nets), the operation of stationary artisanal fishing devices (e.g., traps and tidal fishing weirs), area coverage, fishery territories, and the number of fishers and/or fleet size. Here, we present and discuss the potential use of UAVs for surveying small-scale fishing activities as a complement to traditional research methods (e.g., fishery-dependent approaches, such as landing monitoring, electronic logbooks, dealer reports, dockside intercepts, and fishery cruises). We predict that the use of UAV as a fishery survey tool will become increasingly widespread as the technology and associated methods are refined and become more affordable with potential to generate significant advances in fishery management practices.

中文翻译：

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使用无人机系统作为小规模渔业研究和管理工具的观点

无人驾驶飞行器 (UAV) 越来越多地用于海洋野生动物研究，并迅速扩展到许多科学学科。随着最近的技术发展提高了无人机的多功能性和功能性，这些系统在研究小规模和手工渔业方面的潜力已大大增加，尽管这种潜力仍未得到充分利用。然而，人们越来越关注将具有成本效益的无人机用于渔业活动的航空调查，但很少有实证研究产生可靠的结果来帮助制定有效的管理行动。有效管理的常见挑战包括资金限制以及与调查设计、覆盖范围和实施相关的问题。在这种情况下，航空设备有能力填补密集精细采样的利基，其中数据收集策略需要根据特定的操作要求进行调整。无人机对捕捞过程和渔业实践的详细记录和监测可以为渔具和技术（例如刺网和围网）、固定手工捕鱼设备（例如陷阱和潮汐捕鱼堰）的操作、区域覆盖范围、渔业领土，以及渔民数量和/或船队规模。在这里，我们介绍并讨论无人机在调查小规模捕鱼活动中的潜在用途，作为对传统研究方法的补充（例如，依赖渔业的方法，如着陆监测、电子日志、经销商报告、码头拦截和渔业巡航） ）。