This is the first report evaluating the genetic diversity of Mexican grape species utilizing DNA-based markers to understand the distribution of grape species, and patterns of hybridization. The study utilized accessions maintained in three collections in Mexico, one in the USA and recently collected germplasm. Fifteen SSR markers were used to develop a fingerprint database to identify unique germplasm. Two different clustering analyses without prior population assignment, were used to identify groups that were verified by a Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components and a Principal Coordinate Analysis. Genetic diversity estimates were made across and within groups to validate the results obtained from the clustering analyses. Multiple clustering analyses and diversity parameters supported six genetic groups representing different geographic regions. The Northeastern group was the most diverse with a geographic range extending to Eastern and Central Mexico, while the Coahuila group was the least diverse. Vitis arizonica Engelm. and Vitis cinerea Engelm. ex Millardet were the most abundant species with many hybrid forms. We provide evidence that wild grape species in Mexico follow the physical barriers of mountain ranges like the Sierra Madre Oriental with an east–west divide and the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt as a corridor for gene flow among different grape species. Additional collections are required to fully understand the extent of hybridization and to clarify hybrid zones.

这是第一份评估墨西哥葡萄品种遗传多样性的报告，利用基于 DNA 的标记来了解葡萄品种的分布和杂交模式。该研究利用保存在墨西哥的三个收藏品、美国的一个收藏品和最近收集的种质中的种质。15 个 SSR 标记被用于开发指纹数据库以识别独特的种质。两种不同的聚类分析没有预先分配人口，用于识别通过主成分判别分析和主坐标分析验证的组。遗传多样性估计是跨组和组内进行的，以验证从聚类分析中获得的结果。多个聚类分析和多样性参数支持代表不同地理区域的六个遗传组。东北部族群最多样化，地理范围延伸到墨西哥东部和中部，而科阿韦拉族群最不多样化。亚利桑那葡萄。和Vitis cinerea Engelm。ex Millardet 是最丰富的物种，具有许多杂交形式。我们提供的证据表明，墨西哥的野生葡萄物种遵循山脉的物理屏障，例如东西分界的马德雷山脉和跨墨西哥火山带作为不同葡萄物种之间基因流动的走廊。需要额外的收集才能充分了解杂交的程度并澄清杂交区。