In 2014, Mexico became the first country in the Americas to tax the sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) industry, sparking a cascade of SSB excise taxes in the US and globally. Rigorous evaluations have demonstrated that Mexico’s SSB tax increased SSB prices and reduced purchasing and consumption. Evaluations in at least 5 US jurisdictions and 7 countries have also demonstrated that these taxes reduce SSB sales and purchases. Consequently, SSB taxes are expected to result in improvements in population health in the years that follow (eg, lower incidence of conditions associated with SSB consumption, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes). However, data on the health impacts of SSB taxes are limited. One study of Mexico’s tax detected a lower probability of dental caries following tax implementation. This issue of JAMA Pediatrics includes an important addition to our understanding of tax health effects. The study by Gračner et al is the first, to our knowledge, to examine associations between an SSB tax and weight-related outcomes, finding lower risk of excess weight among adolescents, particularly for girls, in cities with larger price increases after the tax.

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含糖饮料税和人口健康结果

2014 年，墨西哥成为美洲第一个对含糖饮料 (SSB) 行业征税的国家，在美国和全球范围内引发了一连串的 SSB 消费税。严格的评估表明，墨西哥的 SSB 税提高了 SSB 价格并减少了购买和消费。至少 5 个美国司法管辖区和 7 个国家/地区的评估也表明，这些税收减少了 SSB 的销售和购买。因此，SSB 税收预计将在随后几年改善人口健康（例如，降低与 SSB 消费相关的疾病的发生率，例如肥胖和 2 型糖尿病）。然而，关于 SSB 税对健康影响的数据有限。一项对墨西哥税​​收的研究发现，在税收实施后，龋齿的可能性较低。本期 JAMA Pediatrics 为我们对税收健康影响的理解提供了重要补充。据我们所知，Gračner 等人的研究首次检验了 SSB 税与体重相关结果之间的关联，发现在税后价格上涨幅度较大的城市中，青少年，尤其是女孩超重的风险较低。