Suicide is a global public health concern that affects all echelons of society, albeit not equally so. Compared with adults in the general population, incarcerated offenders are at increased risk to consider, attempt, and die by suicide, which represents a substantial burden of morbidity and mortality in prisons worldwide. This review synthesises recent literature pertaining to the epidemiology, risk factors, and prevention of suicidal thoughts and behaviour among prisoners, and outlines a framework which emphasises the interplay between individuals (importation) and their surroundings (deprivation). The available evidence suggests that prison-specific stressors may exacerbate risk of suicide in an already vulnerable population characterised by complex health and social care needs. Emerging data point to differential mechanisms through which prisoners come to think about suicide and subsequently progress to suicidal behaviour. As risk of suicide is determined by a complex web of synergistically interacting factors, its management and prevention demands a cross-sectoral policy and service response that includes targeted interventions aimed at high-risk prisoners in combination with population strategies that promote the health and wellbeing of all people in prison.

中文翻译：

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监狱中自杀念头和行为的流行病学、危险因素和预防：文献综述。


自杀是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，影响着社会各阶层，尽管程度不一。与一般人群中的成年人相比，被监禁的罪犯考虑、企图自杀和自杀的风险更高，这对全世界监狱的发病率和死亡率构成了沉重负担。这篇综述综合了有关囚犯自杀想法和行为的流行病学、危险因素和预防的最新文献，并概述了一个强调个人（输入）与其周围环境（剥夺）之间相互作用的框架。现有证据表明，监狱特有的压力源可能会加剧本已脆弱且具有复杂健康和社会护理需求的人群的自杀风险。新出现的数据表明，囚犯通过不同的机制开始考虑自杀，并随后发展为自杀行为。由于自杀风险是由一系列相互协同作用的复杂因素决定的，因此自杀风险的管理和预防需要跨部门的政策和服务应对措施，其中包括针对高危囚犯的针对性干预措施以及促进囚犯健康和福祉的人口战略。所有在监狱里的人。