The shape of fruit apex is critical to appearance quality in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), of which the genetic basis was poorly understood, and the use of marker-assisted breeding for fruit apex improvement is not available yet. In this study, the variation of fruit apex in different cucumber ecotypes was evaluated by fruit apex angle (variation coefficient from 7.1% to 15.7%) and fruit apex index (variation coefficient from 8.8% to 22.6%). Fruit apex associated QTLs were mapped by using 145 F_2:3 families and 155 F_2:6 population that were derived from the cross of different ecotype cucumbers. Phenotyping of the mapping populations were conducted in four experiments in 2 years. Four major-effect QTLs, Bfal4.1, Bfai4.1, Bfad6.1 and Bfai6.1 were consistently and reliably detected across two environments which could explain 11.6% - 33.6% phenotypic variations (R²) in the F_2:3 families. Three major-effect QTLs, Ofai4.1 (R² = 13.4%–15.5%), Ofal4.1 (R² = 10.7%–12.8%), and Ofad6.1 (R² = 11.6%–12.4%) were stably detected in the F_2:6 population in two experiments. Bfai4.1, Bfal4.1, Ofai4.1 and Ofal4.1 were integrated to be consensus QTL fa4.1, within which 11 candidate genes were predicted. Bfai6.1 and Bfad6.1 were integrated to be consensus QTL fa6.1. QTL interaction analysis showed that Bfai6.1 has epistatic effect with Bfai4.1. This study revealed two reliable major-effect fruit apex related QTLs across multi-genetic backgrounds and environments in cucumber. The possible candidate genes regulating the shape of fruit apex, and the relationship between cell division and fruit apex morphogenesis were discussed.

果实顶端的形状对黄瓜（Cucumis sativus L.）的外观质量至关重要，其遗传基础知之甚少，目前尚未使用标记辅助育种进行果实顶端改良。本研究通过果尖角（变异系数7.1%~15.7%）和果尖指数（变异系数8.8%~22.6%）评价不同黄瓜生态型果实顶端的变异。使用145 F _2:3家族和155 F _2:6对果实顶端相关QTL进行定位来自不同生态型黄瓜杂交的种群。在 2 年内进行了四次实验，对定位种群进行了表型分析。在两种环境中一致且可靠地检测到四个主要效应 QTL，Bfal4.1、Bfai4.1、Bfad6.1 和 Bfai6.1，这可以解释F _2:3家族中11.6% - 33.6% 的表型变异 (R ² ) . 三个主要效应 QTL，Ofai4.1 (R ²  = 13.4%–15.5%)、Ofal4.1 (R ²  = 10.7%–12.8%) 和 Ofad6.1 (R ²  = 11.6%–12.4%) 是稳定的在 F _{2:6 中}检测到两个实验中的人口。Bfai4.1、Bfal4.1、Ofai4.1和Ofal4.1整合为共有QTL fa4.1，预测了11个候选基因。Bfai6.1 和 Bfad6.1 整合为一致 QTL fa6.1。QTL互作分析表明Bfai6.1与Bfai4.1具有上位效应。该研究揭示了黄瓜中跨多遗传背景和环境的两个可靠的主要效应果尖相关 QTL。讨论了可能调控果实顶端形状的候选基因，以及细胞分裂与果实顶端形态发生的关系。