OBJECTIVE Comorbidity between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorders (SUD) is common, and both are associated with cognitive dysfunction. However, few studies examine the impact of cognitive deficits on treatment outcomes. Here, we leverage data from a randomized clinical trial of integrated versus phased psychotherapy for SUD and PTSD to examine the relation of cognitive functioning to treatment response. METHOD One-hundred and thirteen veterans with co-occurring PTSD and SUD completed Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery tests assessing attention, executive control, memory, and spatial processing. Linear mixed-effects models examined interactions between cognitive functioning and time in predicting primary PTSD and SUD outcomes across both treatments. RESULTS Significant verbal immediate memory by time interactions were found for both PTSD symptoms (p = .01, f 2 = 0.020) and percent heavy drinking or drug use days (p = .004, f 2 = 0.020). There was a significant working memory by time interaction for percent heavy drinking or drug use days (p = .007, f 2 = 0.016). Participants with better verbal memory had greater reductions across time in PTSD symptoms and drinking/drug use, while those with better working memory had lesser reductions in their drinking/drug use across time. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with lower verbal memory functioning had less robust PTSD and SUD symptom reductions in PTSD/SUD psychotherapy, with differences that were generally small in magnitude. Those with better working memory functioning had worse SUD outcomes. Together with prior literature, findings suggest that neurocognitive functioning may impact the effectiveness of PTSD and SUD treatment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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共病 PTSD 和物质使用障碍心理治疗中治疗结果的神经认知预测因子。

目的 创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 和物质使用障碍 (SUD) 之间的共病很常见，两者都与认知功能障碍有关。然而，很少有研究检查认知缺陷对治疗结果的影响。在这里，我们利用来自 SUD 和 PTSD 综合与分阶段心理治疗的随机临床试验的数据来检查认知功能与治疗反应的关系。方法 113 名同时患有 PTSD 和 SUD 的退伍军人完成了 Penn 计算机神经认知电池测试，评估注意力、执行控制、记忆和空间处理。线性混合效应模型检查了认知功能和时间之间的相互作用，以预测两种治疗的主要 PTSD 和 SUD 结果。结果 对于 PTSD 症状 (p = .01, f 2 = 0.020) 和大量饮酒或吸毒天数百分比 (p = .004, f 2 = 0.020)，通过时间相互作用发现了显着的口头即时记忆。大量饮酒或吸毒天数的百分比在时间交互作用下具有显着的工作记忆（p = .007，f 2 = 0.016）。语言记忆较好的参与者在 PTSD 症状和饮酒/吸毒方面随时间减少较多，而工作记忆较好的参与者在饮酒/吸毒方面随时间减少较少。结论 言语记忆功能较低的个体在 PTSD/SUD 心理治疗中的 PTSD 和 SUD 症状减轻较弱，差异通常较小。那些工作记忆功能更好的人的 SUD 结果更差。连同先前的文献，研究结果表明，神经认知功能可能会影响 PTSD 和 SUD 治疗的有效性。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，保留所有权利）。