Research on multi-level implementation of EU legislation has almost exclusively focused on the national level, while little is known about the role of subnational authorities. Nevertheless, it is a prerequisite for the functioning of the European Union that all member states and their subnational authorities apply and enforce EU legislation in due time. I address this research gap and take a closer look at the legal transposition process in the German regional states. Using a novel data set comprising detailed information on about 700 subnational measures, I show that state-level variables, such as political preferences and ministerial resources, account for variation in the timing of legal transposition and repeatedly lead to subnational delay. To conclude, the paper addresses the role of subnational authorities in the EU multi-level system and points to their interest in shaping legal transposition in order to counterbalance their loss of competences to the national level.

中文翻译：

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重新审视欧盟的政策偏好和能力：地方当局的多层次政策实施

对欧盟立法的多层次实施的研究几乎完全集中在国家层面，而对地方当局的作用知之甚少。然而，所有成员国及其地方当局在适当的时候适用和执行欧盟立法是欧盟运作的先决条件。我解决了这一研究空白，并仔细研究了德国地区各州的法律转换过程。使用一个包含大约 700 项地方措施详细信息的新数据集，我表明，州级变量，如政治偏好和部长资源，解释了法律转换时间的变化，并一再导致地方延迟。总而言之，