Primary hyperoxalurias are a devastating family of diseases leading to multisystem oxalate deposition, nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis and end-stage renal disease. Traditional treatment paradigms are limited to conservative management, dialysis and combined transplantation of the kidney and liver, of which the liver is the primary source of oxalate production. However, transplantation is associated with many potential complications, including operative risks, graft rejection, post-transplant organ failure, as well as lifelong immunosuppressive medications and their adverse effects. New therapeutics being developed for primary hyperoxalurias take advantage of biochemical knowledge about oxalate synthesis and metabolism, and seek to specifically target these pathways with the goal of decreasing the accumulation and deposition of oxalate in the body.

原发性高草酸尿症是导致多系统草酸盐沉积、肾结石、肾钙质沉着症和终末期肾病的破坏性疾病家族。传统的治疗模式仅限于保守治疗、透析和肾肝联合移植，其中肝脏是草酸盐产生的主要来源。然而，移植与许多潜在的并发症有关，包括手术风险、移植排斥、移植后器官衰竭，以及终身免疫抑制药物及其副作用。正在为原发性高草酸尿症开发的新疗法利用了有关草酸盐合成和代谢的生化知识，