The European Union (EU) protects about 1500 regional specialty foods such as Feta cheese and Gouda Holland. However, this geographical indications (GIs) protection does not automatically extend to other jurisdictions. This article tests a theory of EU demands for GIs in EU–Australia trade negotiations, using newly coded data on EU GI names in Australian supermarkets. Focusing on cheese, it confirms that the EU seeks protection for GIs where the authentic EU GI products are well established. The demand for protection does not seem to be driven primarily by current non-GI uses of GI names, since a qualitative analysis reveals few product names that would be banned if EU demands are granted by Australia. These findings imply that Australian negotiators and producers should be less afraid of losing currently established generic food names—a fear that is especially present in the United States, which has strongly opposed the protection of GIs worldwide.

中文翻译：

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关于 Feta 和 Fetta：在澳大利亚保护欧盟地理标志

欧盟 (EU) 保护了大约 1500 种区域特色食品，例如菲塔奶酪和荷兰豪达。但是，这种地理标志 (GI) 保护不会自动扩展到其他司法管辖区。本文使用澳大利亚超市中欧盟地理标志名称的新编码数据测试了欧盟在欧盟-澳大利亚贸易谈判中对地理标志的要求的理论。以奶酪为重点，它证实了欧盟寻求对真正的欧盟地理标志产品已确立的地理标志的保护。对保护的需求似乎并非主要由当前对地理标志名称的非地理标志使用驱动，因为定性分析表明，如果澳大利亚同意欧盟的要求，很少有产品名称会被禁止。