ABSTRACT

This study investigated differences between the ability to judge surface emotions and real emotions in pretend/deceptive situations. Using the scenario approach, our results showed that the ability to judge surface/real emotions is affected by pretend and deceptive situations in children aged 4–6 years. We found that in pretend situations, the accuracy of judging surface emotion was higher than that for real emotions in children aged four and five years. In four-year-old children, the accuracy of judging surface emotion in pretend situations was higher than that in deceptive situations; however, in children aged four and five years, the accuracy of judging real emotions in deceptive situations was higher than that in pretend situations. Additionally, the ability to judge surface emotions and real emotions in either situation was found to increase with age. These results show how pretend/deceptive situations affect the ability to judge surface emotions and real emotions of children. This is important to expand the relevant theories of the theory of mind.

摘要

这项研究调查了在假装/欺骗情况下判断表面情绪和真实情绪的能力之间的差异。使用情景方法，我们的结果表明，判断表面/真实情绪的能力受到 4-6 岁儿童假装和欺骗性情境的影响。我们发现，在假装情境中，对 4 岁和 5 岁儿童的表面情绪判断的准确性高于对真实情绪的判断。4岁儿童在假装情境中判断表面情绪的准确率高于在欺骗情境中；然而，在 4 岁和 5 岁的儿童中，在欺骗性情境中判断真实情绪的准确性高于在假装情境下。此外，发现在任何一种情况下判断表面情绪和真实情绪的能力都会随着年龄的增长而增加。这些结果显示了假装/欺骗的情况如何影响儿童判断表面情绪和真实情绪的能力。这对拓展心智理论的相关理论很重要。