In the previous few decades, India has made significant progress in reducing child mortality and fertility rates; yet, undernutrition remains one of the country’s primary public health issues. The goal of this study was to determine the extent of child malnutrition in West Bengal, India, as well as the risk factors linked with it. In diverse districts of West Bengal, a community-based cross-sectional study was undertaken utilizing multi-stage stratified cluster sampling followed by systematic random sampling. Anthropometric, individual, and household characteristics were collected from 2070 children in this study. Height-for-age, weight-for-age, and BMI-for-age z-scores were calculated. The levels and factors related with child undernutrition were studied using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Stunting, underweight, and thinness were shown to be prevalent in 25.48%, 33%, and 26.88% of children, respectively. With age, the likelihood of a child becoming malnourished increased. In comparison with girls, boys had a greater chance of being malnourished. Separately, parental educational and occupational statuses were linked to child malnutrition. Undernourished children were more likely to have a mother who was uneducated or undereducated (stunting: OR = 1.46; underweight: OR = 1.49; thinness: OR = 1.49). Children from economically disadvantaged families were more likely to be malnourished. Children from households with untreated drinking water and poor sanitation were more likely to be malnourished. The current study showed that there are several risk variables linked to child malnutrition. Undernutrition was caused by illiteracy, filthy drinking water, and poor sanitation, all of which were independent risk factors.

中文翻译：

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印度西孟加拉邦 5-10 岁儿童营养不良及相关因素：一项基于社区的横断面研究

在过去的几十年里，印度在降低儿童死亡率和生育率方面取得了重大进展；然而，营养不足仍然是该国主要的公共卫生问题之一。这项研究的目的是确定印度西孟加拉邦儿童营养不良的程度，以及与之相关的风险因素。在西孟加拉邦的不同地区，利用多阶段分层整群抽样和系统随机抽样进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。本研究收集了 2070 名儿童的人体测量学、个人和家庭特征。计算了年龄别身高、年龄别体重和年龄别体重指数 z 分数。使用单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析研究与儿童营养不良相关的水平和因素。发育迟缓，体重不足，和消瘦分别在 25.48%、33% 和 26.88% 的儿童中普遍存在。随着年龄的增长，儿童营养不良的可能性增加。与女孩相比，男孩营养不良的可能性更大。另外，父母的教育和职业状况与儿童营养不良有关。营养不良的儿童更有可能拥有未受过教育或未受过教育的母亲（发育迟缓：OR = 1.46；体重不足：OR = 1.49；消瘦：OR = 1.49）。来自经济弱势家庭的儿童更有可能营养不良。来自饮用水未经处理且卫生条件差的家庭的儿童更有可能营养不良。目前的研究表明，有几个与儿童营养不良有关的风险变量。营养不良是由文盲、肮脏的饮用水、