This paper presents a detailed analysis and characterization of Subjective Assessment Indicators for evaluating manual as well as fully automatic parking maneuvers. Parking is a huge challenge for many drivers. With the introduction of autonomous driving, parking maneuver assistants are essential functional components. For the development of automatic parking assistants, a detailed characterization of a subjective evaluation is essential. The characterization analysis presented here is based on general Subjective Assessment Indicators, which cover the subjective overall performance of a parking maneuver on a customer-oriented level in as many facets as necessary. This paper shows meaningful characteristics of the individual Subjective Assessment Indicators validated in a driving study with 497 performed parking maneuvers. The study results reveal different degrees of intensity of the characterizations for the different driving maneuvers. Here, it is shown that the characterization of the Final Parking Position has different reference points for longitudinal and lateral parking maneuvers. Furthermore, it was shown that an additional characteristic “Driving-Off Behavior” is required for the evaluation of the Safety Feeling, but for Parking Comfort the “Lateral Acceleration” and for Dynamic Performance the “Distance Traveled” can be neglected. The characteristics described in this paper can be used for all parking maneuvers and vehicle types. It forms the basis for a complete evaluation and enables OEMs to apply their individual requirements in the development of parking assistants.

本文详细分析和描述了用于评估手动和全自动停车操作的主观评估指标。停车对许多司机来说是一个巨大的挑战。随着自动驾驶的引入，停车操纵助手是必不可少的功能组件。对于自动泊车辅助系统的开发，主观评价的详细表征是必不可少的。此处介绍的特征分析基于一般主观评估指标，该指标涵盖了在以客户为导向的层面上尽可能多的方面的停车操作的主观整体性能。本文展示了在驾驶研究中验证的单个主观评估指标的有意义的特征，其中执行了 497 次停车操作。研究结果揭示了不同驾驶操作的表征强度的不同程度。在这里，表明最终停车位置的特征具有纵向和横向停车操作的不同参考点。此外，还表明评估安全感需要附加特征“驾驶行为”，但对于驻车舒适性“横向加速度”和动态性能“行驶距离”可以忽略不计。本文中描述的特性可用于所有停车操作和车辆类型。它构成了完整评估的基础，并使原始设备制造商能够在停车辅助系统的开发中应用他们的个性化要求。