We study the observation of polarized stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) in pulsar-timing-array experiments. The time residual for an observed pulsar is formulated as a line-of-sight integral that incorporates the effects of the pulsar term, from which we construct the correlation function of the time residual between a pair of pulsars in terms of the overlap reduction functions (ORFs) for the SGWB intensity and polarization anisotropies. Our formulation provides a numerical scheme for computing the ORFs for high multipole moments, and the lowest-moment ORFs for the SGWB linear polarization are worked out for the first time.

中文翻译：

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脉冲星定时阵列实验中极化随机引力波背景的观测

我们研究了在脉冲星定时阵列实验中对极化随机引力波背景 (SGWB) 的观察。观测到的脉冲星的时间残差被公式化为一个视线积分，它结合了脉冲星项的影响，从中我们根据重叠减少函数构建了一对脉冲星之间时间残差的相关函数（ ORFs) 用于 SGWB 强度和偏振各向异性。我们的公式为计算高多极矩的 ORF 提供了一个数值方案，并且首次计算出了 SGWB 线性极化的最低矩 ORF。