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Simulating a measurement-induced phase transition for trapped-ion circuits
Physical Review A ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-12-03 , DOI: 10.1103/physreva.104.062405
Stefanie Czischek , Giacomo Torlai , Sayonee Ray , Rajibul Islam , Roger G. Melko

The rise of programmable quantum devices has motivated the exploration of circuit models which could realize novel physics. A promising candidate is a class of hybrid circuits, where entangling unitary dynamics compete with disentangling measurements. Novel phase transitions between different entanglement regimes have been identified in their dynamical states, with universal properties hinting at unexplored critical phenomena. Trapped-ion hardware is a leading contender for the experimental realization of such physics, which requires not only traditional two-qubit entangling gates, but also a constant rate of local measurements accurately addressed throughout the circuit. Recent progress in engineering high-precision optical addressing of individual ions makes preparing a constant rate of measurements throughout a unitary circuit feasible. Using tensor network simulations, we show that the resulting class of hybrid circuits, prepared with native gates, exhibits a volume-law to area-law transition in the entanglement entropy. This displays universal hallmarks of a measurement-induced phase transition. Our simulations are able to characterize the critical exponents using circuit sizes with tens of qubits and thousands of gates. We argue that this transition should be robust against additional sources of experimental noise expected in modern trapped-ion hardware and will rather be limited by statistical requirements on postselection. Our work highlights the powerful role that tensor network simulations can play in advancing the theoretical and experimental frontiers of critical phenomena.

中文翻译:

模拟捕获离子电路的测量引起的相变

可编程量子器件的兴起激发了对可以实现新物理的电路模型的探索。一个有希望的候选者是一类混合电路,其中纠缠单一动力学与解缠测量竞争。不同纠缠状态之间的新相变已在其动力学状态中被识别出来,具有暗示未探索的临界现象的普遍特性。俘获离子硬件是此类物理实验实现的主要竞争者,它不仅需要传统的双量子位纠缠门,还需要在整个电路中准确解决局部测量的恒定速率。单个离子的高精度光学寻址工程的最新进展使得在整个单一电路中准备恒定速率的测量变得可行。使用张量网络模拟,我们表明用本机门制备的混合电路的结果类在纠缠熵中表现出体积律到面积律的转变。这显示了测量引起的相变的普遍特征。我们的模拟能够使用具有数十个量子位和数千个门的电路大小来表征关键指数。我们认为,这种转变应该对现代捕获离子硬件中预期的其他实验噪声源具有鲁棒性,并且会受到后选择的统计要求的限制。我们的工作强调了张量网络模拟在推进关键现象的理论和实验前沿方面可以发挥的强大作用。用原生门制备,在纠缠熵中表现出体积律到面积律的转变。这显示了测量引起的相变的普遍特征。我们的模拟能够使用具有数十个量子位和数千个门的电路大小来表征关键指数。我们认为,这种转变应该对现代捕获离子硬件中预期的其他实验噪声源具有鲁棒性,并且会受到后选择的统计要求的限制。我们的工作强调了张量网络模拟在推进关键现象的理论和实验前沿方面可以发挥的强大作用。用原生门制备,在纠缠熵中表现出体积律到面积律的转变。这显示了测量引起的相变的普遍特征。我们的模拟能够使用具有数十个量子位和数千个门的电路大小来表征关键指数。我们认为,这种转变应该对现代捕获离子硬件中预期的其他实验噪声源具有鲁棒性,并且会受到后选择的统计要求的限制。我们的工作强调了张量网络模拟在推进关键现象的理论和实验前沿方面可以发挥的强大作用。我们的模拟能够使用具有数十个量子位和数千个门的电路大小来表征关键指数。我们认为,这种转变应该对现代捕获离子硬件中预期的其他实验噪声源具有鲁棒性,并且会受到后选择的统计要求的限制。我们的工作强调了张量网络模拟在推进关键现象的理论和实验前沿方面可以发挥的强大作用。我们的模拟能够使用具有数十个量子位和数千个门的电路大小来表征关键指数。我们认为,这种转变应该对现代捕获离子硬件中预期的其他实验噪声源具有鲁棒性,并且会受到后选择的统计要求的限制。我们的工作强调了张量网络模拟在推进关键现象的理论和实验前沿方面可以发挥的强大作用。
更新日期:2021-12-03
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