Galicia is a region situated in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula where community forests are very much spread. This kind of ownership is held by local communities that, collectively, decide how to manage the forest and its mycological resources as part of its non-timber forest products. In this work, we characterize and analyse the existing governance modalities for the collective use of mycological resources in both their material and immaterial aspects, and we do it by applying a social-ecological system framework combined with a knowledge economy model. Up to 21 mycological use initiatives have been identified and inventoried. Most of them manage the common resource through mycological reserves (open or closed), but there are others that produce and sell mushrooms. The work shows how communities use their governance mechanisms to define rules aimed at improving sustainability and the influx of revenues. In addition, we analyse how some of these initiatives are starting to manage their common immaterial resources (associated with values such as quality and with eco-certifications, etc.), and to develop innovative strategies (short supply chains) for the purpose of improving their position in the value chain. The text discusses community management as a strategy that allows combining sustainability objectives in the management of mycological resources with the raising of revenues in the long term. Finally, we underline the need for public policies that support successful experiences and strengthen the capacity of community institutions to appropriate the value they generate.

加利西亚是位于伊比利亚半岛西北部的一个地区，那里的社区森林非常广泛。这种所有权由当地社区持有，他们共同决定如何管理森林及其真菌资源，作为其非木材林产品的一部分。在这项工作中，我们从物质和非物质方面描述和分析了真菌资源集体使用的现有治理模式，我们通过应用社会-生态系统框架结合知识经济模型来实现。多达 21 项真菌学使用计划已被确定和盘点。他们中的大多数通过真菌学储备（开放或封闭）管理公共资源，但也有其他人生产和销售蘑菇。这项工作展示了社区如何使用其治理机制来定义旨在提高可持续性和收入流入的规则。此外，我们分析了其中一些举措如何开始管理其共同的非物质资源（与质量和生态认证等价值相关），并制定创新战略（短供应链）以改善他们在价值链中的地位。文本将社区管理作为一种策略，将真菌资源管理中的可持续性目标与长期增加收入相结合。最后，我们强调需要支持成功经验并加强社区机构利用其产生的价值的能力的公共政策。