The benchmark tin oxide (SnO₂) electron transporting layers (ETLs) have enabled remarkable progress in planar perovskite solar cell (PSCs). However, the energy loss is still a challenge due to the lack of “hidden interface” control. We report a novel ligand-tailored ultrafine SnO₂ quantum dots (QDs) via a facile rapid room temperature synthesis. Importantly, the ligand-tailored SnO₂ QDs ETL with multi-functional terminal groups in situ refines the buried interfaces with both the perovskite and transparent electrode via enhanced interface binding and perovskite passivation. These novel ETLs induce synergistic effects of physical and chemical interfacial modulation and preferred perovskite crystallization-directing, delivering reduced interface defects, suppressed non-radiative recombination and elongated charge carrier lifetime. Power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.02% (0.04 cm²) and 21.6% (0.98 cm², V_OC loss: 0.336 V) have been achieved for the blade-coated PSCs (1.54 eV E_g) with our new ETLs, representing a record for SnO₂ based blade-coated PSCs. Moreover, a substantially enhanced PCE (V_OC) from 20.4% (1.15 V) to 22.8% (1.24 V, 90 mV higher V_OC, 0.04 cm² device) in the blade-coated 1.61 eV PSCs system, via replacing the benchmark commercial colloidal SnO₂ with our new ETLs.

基准氧化锡 (SnO ₂ ) 电子传输层 (ETL) 使平面钙钛矿太阳能电池 (PSC) 取得了显着进展。然而，由于缺乏“隐藏接口”控制，能量损失仍然是一个挑战。我们通过简单快速的室温合成报道了一种新型配体定制的超细 SnO ₂量子点（QD）。重要的是，具有多功能末端基团的配体定制的SnO ₂ QDs ETL通过增强的界面结合和钙钛矿钝化，细化了与钙钛矿和透明电极的埋入界面。这些新颖的 ETL 诱导物理和化学界面调节和优选的钙钛矿结晶定向的协同效应，从而减少界面缺陷，抑制非辐射复合并延长载流子寿命。使用我们的新 ETL，刀片涂层 PSC (1.54 eV E _g ) 的功率转换效率 (PCE) 分别为 23.02% (0.04 cm ² ) 和 21.6% (0.98 cm ² ， VOC_损耗：0.336 V)，代表创下了 SnO ₂基刀片涂层 PSC 的记录。此外，通过替换基准商用PSC，​​刀片涂层1.61 eV PSC系统中的_PCE（VOC ）从20.4％（1.15V）大幅提高至22.8％（1.24V， VOC高_90mV ，0.04cm ²器件）胶体 SnO ₂与我们的新 ETL。