For many years, tremendous effort has been dedicated to developing new industrial tuna fisheries, while their adverse impacts on threatened marine species have received relatively little attention. In tuna fisheries, bycatch is the major anthropogenic threat to marine megafauna in general, particularly sharks. Research on the development of gear technology for bycatch reduction and potential mitigation measures helped tuna Regional Fisheries Management Organizations adopt bycatch reduction management measures. After reviewing past research on the development of mitigation measures for pelagic longline and tropical purse seine fisheries based on pelagic species' behaviours, we describe promising new approaches integrating recent technological breakthroughs. New innovations include autonomous underwater vehicles carrying cameras along with miniaturized sensors, aerial drones, computer simulation of fishing gear geometry, environmental DNA assays, computer visualizations and deep learning. The successful application of such tools and methods promises to improve our understanding of factors that influence capture, escape and stress of caught species. Moreover, results emerging from recent ethological research explaining the power of social connection and learning in the “fish world” such as social learning from congeners, habituation to deterrents, and how past fishery interactions affect responses to fishing gear should be taken into account when developing technical mitigation measures.

中文翻译：

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改善工业金枪鱼渔业兼捕减少的新技术

多年来，人们一直致力于发展新的工业金枪鱼渔业，而它们对受威胁海洋物种的不利影响却很少受到关注。在金枪鱼渔业中，兼捕是对一般海洋巨型动物，尤其是鲨鱼的主要人为威胁。对减少兼捕渔具技术和潜在缓解措施的研究帮助金枪鱼区域渔业管理组织采取了减少兼捕管理措施。在回顾了过去基于远洋物种行为制定远洋延绳钓和热带围网渔业缓解措施的研究后，我们描述了结合近期技术突破的有前景的新方法。新的创新包括带有微型传感器的自动水下航行器、空中无人机、渔具几何形状的计算机模拟、环境 DNA 分析、计算机可视化和深度学习。这些工具和方法的成功应用有望提高我们对影响捕获、逃逸和捕获物种压力的因素的理解。此外，最近的行为学研究结果解释了“鱼类世界”中社会联系和学习的力量，例如从同类中学习的社会学习、对威慑的习惯以及过去的渔业相互作用如何影响对渔具的反应，在开发时应予以考虑。技术缓解措施。计算机可视化和深度学习。这些工具和方法的成功应用有望提高我们对影响捕获、逃逸和捕获物种压力的因素的理解。此外，最近的行为学研究结果解释了“鱼类世界”中社会联系和学习的力量，例如从同类中学习的社会学习、对威慑的习惯以及过去的渔业相互作用如何影响对渔具的反应，在开发时应予以考虑。技术缓解措施。计算机可视化和深度学习。这些工具和方法的成功应用有望提高我们对影响捕获、逃逸和捕获物种压力的因素的理解。此外，最近的行为学研究结果解释了“鱼类世界”中社会联系和学习的力量，例如从同类中学习的社会学习、对威慑的习惯以及过去的渔业相互作用如何影响对渔具的反应，在开发时应予以考虑。技术缓解措施。