This paper recovers optical solitons in birefringent fibers with the governing system that is derived from the Kaup–Newell equation. Two integration schemes are employed in this study. They are the direct algebraic and unified Riccati equation approaches. Singular, dark and bright solitons are retrieved. Jacobi elliptic and periodic solutions are also yielded. These solutions depend on certain parameter restrictions.

中文翻译：

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基于 Kaup-Newell 方程的双折射光纤中的光孤子使用两种积分方案

本文使用从 Kaup-Newell 方程导出的控制系统恢复双折射光纤中的光学孤子。本研究采用了两种集成方案。它们是直接代数和统一 Riccati 方程方法。检索出奇异的、暗的和亮的孤子。还产生了雅可比椭圆和周期解。这些解决方案取决于某些参数限制。