Gauge-field production during axion inflation in the gradient expansion formalism,Physical Review D

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Gauge-field production during axion inflation in the gradient expansion formalism
Physical Review D ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-12-02 , DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.104.123504
E. V. Gorbar _{1,

2} , K. Schmitz ₃ , O. O. Sobol _{1,

4} , S. I. Vilchinskii _{1,

5}

Affiliation

We study the explosive production of gauge fields during axion inflation in a novel gradient expansion formalism that describes the time evolution of a set of bilinear electromagnetic functions in position space. Based on this formalism, we are able to simultaneously account for two important effects that have thus far been mostly treated in isolation: (i) the backreaction of the produced gauge fields on the evolution of the inflaton field and (ii) the Schwinger pair production of charged particles in the strong gauge-field background. This allows us to show that the suppression of the gauge-field production due to the Schwinger effect can prevent the backreaction in scenarios in which it would otherwise be relevant. Moreover, we point out that the induced current,

J = σ E

, also dampens the Bunch–Davies vacuum fluctuations deep inside the Hubble horizon. We describe this suppression by a new parameter

Δ

that is related to the time integral over the conductivity

σ

which hence renders the description of the entire system inherently nonlocal in time. Finally, we demonstrate how our formalism can be used to construct highly accurate solutions for the mode functions of the gauge field in Fourier space, which serves as a starting point for a wealth of further phenomenological applications, including the phenomenology of primordial perturbations and baryogenesis.

中文翻译：

梯度膨胀形式中轴膨胀过程中的规范场产生

我们在描述位置空间中一组双线性电磁函数的时间演化的新型梯度扩展形式中研究了轴暴膨胀期间规范场的爆炸性产生。基于这种形式主义，我们能够同时解释迄今为止大部分被孤立处理的两个重要影响：（i）产生的规范场对暴胀子场演化的反向反应和（ii）施温格对的产生强规范场背景中的带电粒子。这使我们能够表明，由于施温格效应对规范场产生的抑制可以防止在其他情况下相关的情况下发生反向反应。此外，我们指出感应电流，