Primordial black holes from confinement,Physical Review D

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Primordial black holes from confinement
Physical Review D ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-12-02 , DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.104.123507
Gia Dvali _{1,

2} , Florian Kühnel ₁ , Michael Zantedeschi _{1,

2}

Affiliation

A mechanism for the formation of primordial black holes is proposed. Here, heavy quarks of a confining gauge theory produced by de Sitter fluctuations are pushed apart by inflation and get confined after horizon reentry. The large amount of energy stored in the color flux tubes connecting the quark pair leads to black-hole formation. These are much lighter and can be of higher spin than those produced by standard collapse of horizon-size inflationary overdensities. Other difficulties exhibited by such mechanisms are also avoided. Phenomenological features of the new mechanism are discussed as well as accounting for both the entirety of the dark matter and the supermassive black holes in the galactic centers. Under proper conditions, the mechanism can be realized in a generic confinement theory, including ordinary QCD. We discuss a possible string-theoretic realization via D-branes. Interestingly, for conservative values of the string scale, the produced gravity waves are within the range of recent NANOGrav data. Simple generalizations of the mechanism allow for the existence of a significant scalar component of gravity waves with distinct observational signatures.

中文翻译：

来自禁闭的原始黑洞

提出了一种形成原始黑洞的机制。在这里，由德西特涨落产生的约束规范理论的重夸克被暴胀推开，并在视界再入后被限制。连接夸克对的色通量管中储存的大量能量导致黑洞的形成。这些比视界大小的暴胀超密度的标准崩溃产生的要轻得多，并且可以具有更高的自旋。还避免了这种机制表现出的其他困难。讨论了新机制的现象学特征，并解释了整个暗物质和银河系中心的超大质量黑洞。在适当的条件下，该机制可以在包括普通 QCD 在内的通用限制理论中实现。我们通过 D-膜讨论了一种可能的弦论实现。有趣的是，对于弦尺度的保守值，产生的重力波在最近的 NANOGrav 数据范围内。该机制的简单概括允许存在具有不同观测特征的重力波的重要标量分量。

更新日期：2021-12-02

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