Scalar boson stars and Dirac stars are solitonic solutions of the Einstein–Klein-Gordon and Einstein-Dirac classical equations, respectively. Despite the different bosonic $vs.$ fermionic nature of the matter field, these solutions to the classical field equations have been shown to have qualitatively similar features [1]. In particular, for spinning stars the most fundamental configurations can be in both cases toroidal, unlike spinning Proca stars that are spheroidal [2]. In this paper we gauge the scalar and Dirac fields, by minimally coupling them to standard electromagnetism. We explore the impact of the gauge coupling on the resulting solutions. One of the most relevant difference concerns the gyromagnetic ratio, which for the scalar stars takes values around 1, whereas for Dirac stars takes values around 2.

标量玻色子星和狄拉克星分别是爱因斯坦-克莱因-戈登和爱因斯坦-狄拉克经典方程的孤子解。尽管不同的玻色$v秒.$由于物质场的费米子性质，这些经典场方程的解已被证明具有定性相似的特征 [1]。特别是，对于自转星，最基本的配置在两种情况下都可以是环形的，这与自转的 Proca 星是球体不同 [2]。在本文中，我们通过将标量场和狄拉克场与标准电磁学的耦合最小化来测量它们。我们探讨了规范耦合对最终解决方案的影响。最相关的差异之一涉及旋磁比，对于标量星，其值约为 1，而对于狄拉克星，其值约为 2。