Governments have used policies such as taxes on the exports of unprocessed wood products and subsidies to domestic manufacturers to improve the competitiveness of domestic industries with the goal of supporting economic activities especially in rural areas. Newer motivations for policy interventions come in the form of climate change mitigation targets whereby improved forest management and increased use of wood products provide a long-term solution to enhance carbon sequestration. We compare three different policies in terms of their welfare incidence, impacts on economic activity and carbon storage. To analyze the policy scenarios, we extend an equilibrium displacement model to include subsidies and calibrate it to represent Oregon's harvesting and lumber manufacturing sectors. The three hypothetical policies we study are an ad valorem log export tax, an ad valorem input subsidy received by Oregon mills, and an ad valorem subsidy received by Oregon lumber consumers. Our results show that the three alternative policies differ in terms of their impacts on economic returns, employment, and carbon storage, and none of the policy alternatives is superior along all these dimensions.

政府采取了对未加工木制品出口征税和补贴国内制造商等政策来提高国内产业的竞争力，目标是支持经济活动，尤其是农村地区的经济活动。政策干预的新动机以减缓气候变化目标的形式出现，即改善森林管理和增加木材产品的使用为加强碳固存提供了长期解决方案。我们在福利发生率、对经济活动和碳储存的影响方面比较了三种不同的政策。为了分析政策情景，我们扩展了均衡置换模型以包括补贴并对其进行校准以代表俄勒冈州的采伐和木材制造部门。我们研究的三个假设政策是从价原木出口税、俄勒冈州工厂收到的从价输入补贴和俄勒冈州木材消费者收到的从价补贴。我们的结果表明，三种替代政策在对经济回报、就业和碳储存的影响方面有所不同，并且在所有这些方面，没有一种政策替代方案是优越的。