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Single-particle localization in a two-dimensional Rydberg spin system
Physical Review A ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 , DOI: 10.1103/physreva.104.063301
Jan Philipp Klinger , Martin Gärttner

We study excitation transport in a two-dimensional system of randomly assembled spins with power-law hopping in two dimensions. This model can be realized in cold atom quantum simulators with Rydberg atoms. In these experiments, due to the Rydberg blockade effect, the degree of disorder in the system is effectively tunable by varying the spin density. We study dynamics and eigenstate properties of the model as a function of disorder strength and system size and discuss potential limitations for experiments. At strong disorder we predominantly observe localized eigenstates with power-law tails. In this regime the spectral and eigenstate properties can be understood in a perturbative picture of states localized on small clusters of spins. As the disorder strength is weakened eigenstates become increasingly delocalized and a set of seemingly multifractal states appears in the low-energy tail of the spectrum. A detailed study of the system-size scaling of the eigenstate properties indicates that in the infinite-size limit all states eventually become localized. We discuss the feasibility of observing localization effects experimentally in the spatial spreading of an initially localized excitation and identify limited system sizes and finite decoherence rates as major challenges. Our study paves the way towards an experimental observation of localization effects in Rydberg spin systems with tunable disorder.

中文翻译:

二维里德堡自旋系统中的单粒子定位

我们研究了二维系统中的激发输运,该系统具有二维幂律跳跃的随机组装自旋。该模型可以在具有里德堡原子的冷原子量子模拟器中实现。在这些实验中,由于里德堡阻塞效应,系统中的无序程度可以通过改变自旋密度来有效地调节。我们研究模型的动力学和本征态特性,作为无序强度和系统大小的函数,并讨论实验的潜在局限性。在强无序时,我们主要观察具有幂律尾的局部本征态。在这种情况下,光谱和本征态特性可以通过位于自旋小簇上的状态的微扰图来理解。随着无序强度减弱,本征态变得越来越离域,并且在光谱的低能量尾部出现一组看似多重分形的状态。对本征态属性的系统大小缩放的详细研究表明,在无限大小的限制中,所有状态最终都会变得局部化。我们讨论了在初始局部激发的空间传播中通过实验观察局部效应的可行性,并将有限的系统尺寸和有限的退相干率确定为主要挑战。我们的研究为对具有可调无序的里德堡自旋系统中的定位效应进行实验观察铺平了道路。对本征态属性的系统大小缩放的详细研究表明,在无限大小的限制中,所有状态最终都会变得局部化。我们讨论了在初始局部激发的空间传播中通过实验观察局部效应的可行性,并将有限的系统尺寸和有限的退相干率确定为主要挑战。我们的研究为对具有可调无序的里德堡自旋系统中的定位效应进行实验观察铺平了道路。对本征态属性的系统大小缩放的详细研究表明,在无限大小的限制中,所有状态最终都会变得局部化。我们讨论了在初始局部激发的空间传播中通过实验观察局部效应的可行性,并将有限的系统尺寸和有限的退相干率确定为主要挑战。我们的研究为对具有可调无序的里德堡自旋系统中的定位效应进行实验观察铺平了道路。
更新日期:2021-12-01
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