Premature mortality represents an important outcome for crime and violence prevention and related social interventions, but little is known about premature mortality in relation to these interventions. This article assesses the impact of interventions for at-risk and criminally involved youths and adults on premature mortality over the life-course. Systematic review methods are used, including comprehensive search strategies to identify, screen, and code eligible studies. Meta-analytic techniques are used to assess the impact of interventions on premature mortality, the influence of key moderators, and cause of mortality (natural vs. unnatural). A total of 11 studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies originated in five countries and were reported in the last two decades. Sample size can be considered large (> 500 participants) for all but two of the studies. Analysis of pooled effects showed a non-significant impact of interventions on premature mortality (OR = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.46, 1.74). Life-course stage, intervention type, and evaluation design did not moderate the mean effect. Of the nine studies that reported cause of mortality, interventions were associated with an increased likelihood of death by unnatural causes (OR = 1.78; 95% CI: 1.05, 2.39; p = .03). We conclude that greater attention needs to be paid to evaluating and understanding premature mortality over the life-course as part of the study of the effectiveness of crime and violence prevention interventions, and research opportunities exist to make an immediate contribution to this body of knowledge.

过早死亡是预防犯罪和暴力以及相关社会干预措施的重要结果，但人们对与这些干预措施相关的过早死亡知之甚少。本文评估了对处于危险中的和涉及犯罪的青年和成年人的干预对整个生命过程中过早死亡的影响。使用系统审查方法，包括综合搜索策略来识别、筛选和编码符合条件的研究。元分析技术用于评估干预措施对过早死亡的影响、关键调节因素的影响和死亡原因（自然与非自然）。共有 11 项研究符合纳入标准。研究起源于五个国家，并在过去二十年中进行了报道。可以认为样本量很大（> 500 名参与者）适用于除两项研究之外的所有研究。汇总效应分析显示干预措施对过早死亡的影响不显着（OR = 0.89；95% CI：0.46, 1.74）。生命历程阶段、干预类型和评估设计均未降低平均效应。在报告死亡原因的 9 项研究中，干预与非自然原因死亡的可能性增加有关（OR = 1.78；95% CI：1.05、2.39；p  = .03）。我们得出的结论是，作为犯罪和暴力预防干预措施有效性研究的一部分，需要更多地关注评估和理解整个生命过程中的过早死亡，并且存在着对这一知识体系做出直接贡献的研究机会。