DORMANCY-ASSOCIATED MADS-BOX (DAM) genes have recently emerged as key potential regulators of the dormancy cycle and climate adaptation in perennial species. Particularly, PpeDAM6 has been proposed to act as a major repressor of bud dormancy release and bud break in peach (Prunus persica). PpeDAM6 expression is downregulated concomitantly with the perception of a given genotype-dependent accumulation of winter chilling time, and the coincident enrichment in H3K27me3 chromatin modification at a specific genomic region. We have identified three peach BASIC PENTACYSTEINE PROTEINs (PpeBPCs) interacting with two GA-repeat motifs present in this H3K27me3-enriched region. Moreover, PpeBPC1 represses PpeDAM6 promoter activity by transient expression experiments. On the other hand, the heterologous overexpression of PpeDAM6 in European plum (Prunus domestica) alters plant vegetative growth, resulting in dwarf plants tending toward shoot meristem collapse. These alterations in vegetative growth of transgenic lines associate with impaired hormone homeostasis due to the modulation of genes involved in jasmonic acid, cytokinin, abscisic acid, and gibberellin pathways, and the downregulation of shoot meristem factors, specifically in transgenic leaf and apical tissues. The expression of many of these genes is also modified in flower buds of peach concomitantly with PpeDAM6 downregulation, which suggests a role of hormone homeostasis mechanisms in PpeDAM6-dependent maintenance of floral bud dormancy and growth repression.

中文翻译：

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涉及芽休眠因子 PpeDAM6 的调节电路

与休眠相关的 MADS-BOX(坝) 基因最近已成为多年生物种休眠周期和气候适应的关键潜在调节因子。特别，PpeDAM6已被提议作为桃芽休眠释放和萌芽破裂的主要抑制因子（桃李）。PpeDAM6表达的下调伴随着对特定基因型依赖的冬季寒冷时间积累的感知，以及特定基因组区域 H3K27me3 染色质修饰的同时富集。我们已经确定了三个桃子基本五半胱氨酸蛋白 (PpeBPCs) 与这个 H3K27me3 富集区域中存在的两个 GA 重复基序相互作用。此外，PpeBPC1 抑制PpeDAM6瞬时表达实验的启动子活性。另一方面，异源过表达PpeDAM6在欧洲李子（家李) 改变植物的营养生长，导致矮化植物倾向于枝条分生组织塌陷。由于茉莉酸、细胞分裂素、脱落酸和赤霉素途径中涉及的基因的调节以及枝条分生组织因子的下调，特别是在转基因叶片和顶端组织中，转基因株系营养生长的这些改变与激素稳态受损有关。许多这些基因在桃花蕾中的表达也随之改变PpeDAM6下调，这表明激素稳态机制在PpeDAM6- 依赖维持花芽休眠和生长抑制。