Positive mental health (PMH), defined as the presence of general emotional, psychological, and social well-being is an important factor of general mental health. To allow for valid comparisons of PMH across different groups of interest, measurement invariant instruments are needed. The present study tested the measurement invariance of the nine-item Positive Mental Health Scale (PMH-Scale) across eight countries (i.e., France, Germany, Poland, Russia, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States) as well as across genders, and age groups. Population-based online-panel surveys were conducted (N per country > 1,000). The PMH-Scale showed good to excellent internal consistency as well as unidimensionality in all subsamples. Convergent validity was supported by positive correlations with the Perceived Social Support Questionnaire (F-SozU K-6), discriminant validity was shown be negative correlations with the subscales of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales 21 (DASS-21). The PMH-Scale showed scalar measurement invariance across countries, genders, and age groups. Comparisons of latent means showed small to medium group differences, with highest levels of PMH found in the French and US-American samples as well in participants between 45 and 54 years of age. Lowest levels of PMH were found in Russian participants. Gender differences in PMH were negligible. The PMH-Scale can be used to meaningfully compare the levels of PMH across the eight investigated countries, women, and men, as well as younger and older individuals. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)

中文翻译：

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积极心理健康量表：跨八个国家、性别和年龄组的验证和测量不变性。

积极的心理健康（PMH），定义为一般情绪、心理和社会福祉的存在，是一般心理健康的一个重要因素。为了允许对不同感兴趣组的 PMH 进行有效比较，需要测量不变的仪器。本研究还测试了八个国家（即法国、德国、波兰、俄罗斯、西班牙、瑞典、英国和美国）的九项积极心理健康量表（PMH-Scale）的测量不变性。跨性别和年龄组。进行了基于人口的在线小组调查（每个国家/地区的 N > 1,000）。PMH 量表在所有子样本中显示出良好至极好的内部一致性和一维性。收敛效度与感知社会支持问卷 (F-SozU K-6) 呈正相关，判别效度与抑郁焦虑压力量表 21 (DASS-21) 的分量表呈负相关。PMH 量表显示了跨国家、性别和年龄组的标量测量不变性。潜在平均值的比较显示了中小组差异，在法国和美国的样本以及 45 至 54 岁的参与者中发现的 PMH 水平最高。在俄罗斯参与者中发现了最低水平的 PMH。PMH 的性别差异可以忽略不计。PMH 量表可用于有意义地比较八个被调查国家、女性和男性以及年轻人和老年人的 PMH 水平。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，