ABSTRACT

Young melanoma survivors and their family are at increased risk for developing melanoma, but seldom engage in sun protection behaviors. Little is known about the role of family factors in sun protection. Our goals were: 1) examine correspondence between survivors and family sun protection, individual attitudes, and family attitudes and communication about risk-reducing behaviors, and; 2) evaluate the mediating role of family attitudes and communication in the association between individual sun protection attitudes and behavior. Measures of individual attitudes, family attitudes and communication, and sun protection behaviors were completed by 529 participants. Multilevel modeling assessed family correspondence in sun-related attitudes and behaviors and mediation. Families had varying levels of shared attitudes and behaviors, with higher correspondence for family norms. Survivors reported stronger family norms, greater family benefits, and more discussion than siblings. For both sexes, family discussion was associated with higher sun protection. For women only, more favorable attitudes were associated with sun protection partly because women discussed sun protection with family and held stronger norms. Because families’ attitudes and practices correspond, family-focused interventions may prove effective. Among females, increasing risk awareness and sunscreen efficacy and overcoming barriers may foster enhanced normative standards, communication about, and engagement in sun protection.

摘要

年轻的黑色素瘤幸存者及其家人患黑色素瘤的风险增加，但很少从事防晒行为。关于家庭因素在防晒中的作用知之甚少。我们的目标是：1）检查幸存者与家庭防晒、个人态度、家庭态度和关于降低风险行为的沟通之间的对应关系，以及；2）评估家庭态度和沟通在个人防晒态度和行为之间的关联中的中介作用。529名参与者完成了个人态度、家庭态度和沟通以及防晒行为的测量。多层次建模评估了与太阳相关的态度和行为以及调解中的家庭对应关系。家庭有不同程度的共同态度和行为，与家庭规范有更高的对应关系。与兄弟姐妹相比，幸存者报告了更强的家庭规范、更大的家庭福利和更多的讨论。对于两性而言，家庭讨论与更高的防晒效果有关。仅对女性而言，更积极的态度与防晒有关，部分原因是女性与家人讨论防晒并持有更严格的规范。因为家庭的态度和做法是一致的，以家庭为中心的干预措施可能会被证明是有效的。在女性中，提高风险意识和防晒效果并克服障碍可能会促进加强规范标准、交流和参与防晒。家庭讨论与更高的防晒有关。仅对女性而言，更积极的态度与防晒有关，部分原因是女性与家人讨论防晒并持有更严格的规范。因为家庭的态度和做法是一致的，以家庭为中心的干预措施可能会被证明是有效的。在女性中，提高风险意识和防晒效果并克服障碍可能会促进加强规范标准、交流和参与防晒。家庭讨论与更高的防晒有关。仅对女性而言，更积极的态度与防晒有关，部分原因是女性与家人讨论防晒并持有更严格的规范。因为家庭的态度和做法是一致的，以家庭为中心的干预措施可能会被证明是有效的。在女性中，提高风险意识和防晒效果并克服障碍可能会促进加强规范标准、交流和参与防晒。