The current COVID-19 pandemic mainly affects the upper respiratory tract. People with COVID-19 report a wide range of symptoms, some of which are similar to those of common flu, such as sore throat and rhinorrhea. Additionally, COVID-19 shares many clinical symptoms with severe pneumonia, including fever, fatigue, dry cough, and respiratory distress. Several diagnostic strategies, such as the real-time polymerase chain reaction technique and computed tomography imaging, which are more costly than chest radiography, are employed as diagnostic tools. The purpose of this paper is to describe the role of the d-summable information dimension of X-ray images in differentiating several lesions and lung illnesses better than both fractal and information dimensions. The statistical analysis shows that the d-summable information dimension model better describes the information obtained from the X-ray images. Therefore, it is a more precise measure of complexity than the information and box-counting dimension. The results also show that the X-ray images of COVID-19 pneumonia reveal greater damage than those of tuberculosis, pneumonia, and various lung lesions, where the damage is minor or much focused. Because the d-summable information dimension increases as the image complexity decreases, it could pave the way to formulate a new measure to quantify the lung damage and assist the clinical diagnosis based on the area under the d-summable information model. In addition, the physical meaning of the ν parameter in the d-summable information dimension is given.

中文翻译：

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D-SUMMABLE 信息维度在区分 COVID-19 疾病中的作用

当前的 COVID-19 大流行主要影响上呼吸道。COVID-19 患者报告有多种症状，其中一些症状与普通流感相似，例如喉咙痛和流鼻涕。此外，COVID-19 与重症肺炎有许多共同的临床症状，包括发烧、疲劳、干咳和呼吸窘迫。几种诊断策略，例如实时聚合酶链反应技术和计算机断层扫描成像，比胸部 X 光检查更昂贵，被用作诊断工具。本文的目的是描述 X 射线图像的 d-summable 信息维度在区分多种病变和肺部疾病方面的作用，而不是分形和信息维度。统计分析表明，d-summable信息维度模型更好地描述了从X射线图像中获得的信息。因此，它是比信息和计箱维度更精确的复杂性度量。结果还表明，COVID-19 肺炎的 X 射线图像显示的损害比肺结核、肺炎和各种肺部病变的损害更大，后者的损害很小或很集中。由于d-summable信息维度随着图像复杂度的降低而增加，它可以为制定基于d-summable信息模型下面积的肺损伤量化和辅助临床诊断的新措施铺平道路。此外，物理意义 它是比信息和盒子计数维度更精确的复杂性度量。结果还表明，COVID-19 肺炎的 X 射线图像显示的损害比肺结核、肺炎和各种肺部病变的损害更大，后者的损害很小或很集中。由于d-summable信息维度随着图像复杂度的降低而增加，它可以为制定基于d-summable信息模型下面积的肺损伤量化和辅助临床诊断的新措施铺平道路。此外，物理意义 它是比信息和盒子计数维度更精确的复杂性度量。结果还表明，COVID-19 肺炎的 X 射线图像显示的损害比肺结核、肺炎和各种肺部病变的损害更大，后者的损害很小或很集中。由于d-summable信息维度随着图像复杂度的降低而增加，它可以为制定基于d-summable信息模型下面积的肺损伤量化和辅助临床诊断的新措施铺平道路。此外，物理意义 由于d-summable信息维度随着图像复杂度的降低而增加，它可以为制定基于d-summable信息模型下面积的肺损伤量化和辅助临床诊断的新措施铺平道路。此外，物理意义 由于d-summable信息维度随着图像复杂度的降低而增加，它可以为制定基于d-summable信息模型下面积的肺损伤量化和辅助临床诊断的新措施铺平道路。此外，物理意义ν给出了 d-summable 信息维度中的参数。