Nitroxyl (HNO), the one electron reduced and protonated form of nitric oxide (NO•), has emerged as a nitrogen oxide with a suite of vasoprotective properties and therapeutic advantages over its redox sibling. Whilst HNO has garnered much attention due to its cardioprotective actions in heart failure, its ability to modulate vascular function, without the limitations of tolerance development and NO• resistance is desirable in the treatment of vascular disease. HNO serves as a potent vasodilator and anti-aggregatory agent and has an ability to limit vascular inflammation and reactive oxygen species generation. In addition, its resistance to scavenging by reactive oxygen species and ability to target distinct vascular signalling pathways (Kv, KATP, CGRP), contributes to its preserved efficacy in hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia. In this review, the vasoprotective actions of HNO will be compared with those of NO• and the therapeutic utility HNO donors in the treatment of angina, acute cardiovascular emergencies and chronic vascular disease discussed.

中文翻译：

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硝酰 (HNO) 的血管保护作用：兄弟姐妹竞争的故事。

硝酰基 (HNO) 是一氧化氮 (NO•) 的单电子还原和质子化形式，已成为一种氮氧化物，与氧化还原同类产品相比，具有一系列血管保护特性和治疗优势。虽然HNO因其在心力衰竭中的心脏保护作用而受到广泛关注，但其调节血管功能的能力且不受耐受发展和NO•抵抗的限制，在血管疾病的治疗中是理想的。HNO 是一种有效的血管扩张剂和抗聚集剂，能够限制血管炎症和活性氧的产生。此外，它对活性氧清除的抵抗力以及针对不同血管信号通路（Kv、KATP、CGRP）的能力，有助于其在高血压、糖尿病和高胆固醇血症中保持疗效。在这篇综述中，我们将对 HNO 的血管保护作用与 NO• 的血管保护作用进行比较，并讨论 HNO 供体在治疗心绞痛、急性心血管急症和慢性血管疾病方面的治疗效用。