Do social networking sites (SNSs) influence well-being? According to the active-passive model of SNS use, the impact of SNSs on well-being depends on how they are used: Using SNSs actively to interact with other users positively affects well-being, whereas passive consumption of SNS content negatively affects well-being. However, emerging evidence suggests that the active-passive distinction is too coarse to fully capture the relationship between SNS use and well-being. Here we describe the extended active-passive model of SNS use, which refines the original model in three ways: It decomposes active use, decomposes passive use, and crosses usage types with user characteristics. We describe recent empirical evidence illustrating the benefits of these three extensions and highlight important future research directions. The extended active-passive model of SNS use provides a nuanced understanding of the relationship between SNS use and well-being by highlighting that active use of SNSs is not always beneficial and passive use is not always detrimental.

社交网站 (SNS) 会影响幸福感吗？根据 SNS 使用的主动-被动模型，SNS 对幸福感的影响取决于它们的使用方式：积极使用 SNS 与其他用户互动对幸福感产生积极影响，而 SNS 内容的被动消费对幸福感产生负面影响 -存在。然而，新出现的证据表明，主动-被动的区别过于粗略，无法完全捕捉到 SNS 使用与幸福感之间的关系。这里我们描述了SNS 使用的扩展的主动-被动模型，从三个方面对原始模型进行细化：分解主动使用、分解被动使用、将使用类型与用户特征交叉。我们描述了最近的经验证据，说明了这三个扩展的好处，并强调了重要的未来研究方向。SNS 使用的扩展主动-被动模型通过强调 SNS 的主动使用并不总是有益的，被动使用并不总是有害的，提供了对 SNS 使用与幸福之间关系的细致入微的理解。