Purpose To study the changing trends in the morphology of cataracts at a tertiary eye care center in South India due to COVID-19 pandemic-related national lockdown. Methods A retrospective study conducted at a tertiary eye care center in Andhra Pradesh state of South India, which included 1724 patients (1753 eyes) who underwent cataract surgery at our center during April 2019-July 2019 (1298 eyes of 1271 patients) and April 2020-July 2020 (455 eyes of 453 patients). Factors studied included preoperative lens status, associated phacodonesis or subluxation, pupil size, other eye lens status, associated retinal problems, glaucoma, and complications during surgery. Postoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), corneal clarity, intraocular pressure (IOP), and disc status at postoperative day 1, 1 week, and 1-month visits were compared. Results A significantly lower proportion of nuclear sclerosis (decreased from 83.2% in last year before lockdown to 55.2% during lockdown) and significantly higher proportions of mature, brown, or black cataract and phacomorphic, phacolytic, or Morgagnian cataract (increased from 15.5% in last year before lockdown to 43.8% during lockdown) were observed. The proportion of small-incision cataract surgery decreased significantly (from 63.2% to 57.4%), whereas the proportion of phacoemulsification increased significantly (from 35.9% to 41.5%) during lockdown as compared to last year. A significantly higher proportion of eyes with small pupils and association with retinal pathology were also observed during the lockdown. Conclusion During the national lockdown, there was a shift from nuclear sclerosis grade toward mature, brown, black grade of cataracts. In addition, the proportion of small-incision cataract surgery decreased significantly whereas the proportion of phacoemulsification increased significantly during the lockdown. More number of cataracts with small pupils and associated retinal pathology were observed during the lockdown.

中文翻译：

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由于与 COVID-19 大流行相关的国家封锁，印度南部一家三级眼科护理中心白内障形态的变化趋势。

目的 研究由于 COVID-19 大流行相关的国家封锁，印度南部一家三级眼科护理中心白内障形态的变化趋势。方法 在印度南部安得拉邦一家三级眼科护理中心进行的一项回顾性研究，包括 2019 年 4 月至 2019 年 7 月（1271 名患者的 1298 眼）和 2020 年 4 月在我中心接受白内障手术的 1724 名患者（1753 只眼） - 2020 年 7 月（453 名患者的 455 只眼）。研究的因素包括术前晶状体状态、相关的晶状体畸形或半脱位、瞳孔大小、其他晶状体状态、相关的视网膜问题、青光眼和手术期间的并发症。术后第 1 天、第 1 周的裸眼视力 (UCVA)、最佳矫正视力 (BCVA)、角膜清晰度、眼压 (IOP) 和椎间盘状态，和 1 个月的访问进行了比较。结果 核硬化的比例显着降低（从去年锁定前的 83.2% 下降到锁定期间的 55.2%），成熟、棕色或黑色白内障和白内障、白内障或 Morgagnian 白内障的比例显着增加（从 15.5% 增加去年锁定之前，锁定期间的 43.8%）被观察到。与去年相比，封城期间小切口白内障手术比例显着下降（从63.2%降至57.4%），而白内障超声乳化手术比例显着增加（从35.9%降至41.5%）。在锁定期间，还观察到瞳孔小且与视网膜病变相关的眼睛比例显着增加。结论 在全国封锁期间，从核硬化等级向成熟、棕色、黑色的白内障等级转变。此外，在封锁期间，小切口白内障手术的比例显着下降，而超声乳化术的比例显着增加。在封锁期间观察到更多数量的小瞳孔白内障和相关的视网膜病变。