Plants are readily exposed to the antibiotics residues in reclaimed water indicating an urgent need to comprehensively analyze their ecotoxicological effects and fate of these emerging contaminants. Here, we unraveled the dissemination of enrofloxacin (ENR) in a pasture grass, Lolium perenne L., and identified multistage defense systems as its adaptation mechanism. Uptaken concentrations of ENR ranged from 1.28 to 246.60 µg g^-1 with bioconcentration factors (BCF) upto 15.13, and translocation factors (TF) upto 0.332. The antioxidant enzymatic activities such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase were increased by upto 115%. Further transcriptomics demonstrated that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation and glutathione metabolism were significantly up-regulated by 1.56-5.93 times, 3-7 times and 1.04-6.42 times, respectively, whilst, the DEGs in nitrogen and sulfur metabolism pathways were significantly up-regulated by 1.06-5.64 times and 2.64-3.54 times, respectively. These processes can supply energy, signaling molecules, and antioxidants for detoxification of ENR in ryegrass. Such results provide understanding into fasting grass adaptability to antibiotics by enhancing the key protective pathways under organic pollutant stresses in environments.

植物很容易暴露于再生水中的抗生素残留物，这表明迫切需要全面分析它们的生态毒理学效应和这些新兴污染物的归宿。在这里，我们揭示了恩诺沙星 (ENR) 在牧草Lolium perenne L. 中的传播，并确定了多阶段防御系统作为其适应机制。ENR 的摄取浓度范围为 1.28 至 246.60  µg  g ^-1生物浓缩因子 (BCF) 高达 15.13，易位因子 (TF) 高达 0.332。超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶等抗氧化酶活性提高了 115%。进一步的转录组学表明，参与糖酵解、氧化磷酸化和谷胱甘肽代谢的差异表达基因（DEGs）分别显着上调1.56-5.93倍、3-7倍和1.04-6.42倍，而氮和硫中的差异表达基因（DEGs）代谢途径分别显着上调1.06-5.64倍和2.64-3.54倍。这些过程可以为黑麦草中 ENR 的解毒提供能量、信号分子和抗氧化剂。