Background

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS) substances are a group of anthropogenic organic chemicals. PFAS have numerous applications in the industrial and commercial fields. They have become abundant in the environment and have been detected in the blood of humans and animals. PFAS exposure likely increases the risk of certain diseases. In recent years, there has been a steep rise in related primary and secondary articles.

Objectives

We aim to collate narrative and systematic reviews including both qualitative and quantitative synthesis on biological, environmental, or medical aspects of PFAS exposure and burdens, and to create an evidence review map to fulfil three main objectives. 1) Mappingto reveal what evidence on PFAS has been systematically reviewed and where synthesis may be needed. 2) Bibliometrics: to characterise the interdisciplinarity, independence and connectedness of the reviews. 3) Critical appraisal: to assess the included reviews for the reliability of conclusions and methodological transparency. This overview of reviews will inform future research and policy making.

Search and study eligibility

We will perform a systematic search on Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and the ‘grey literature’. To be included in the map, a study must be a review from the systematic review family and focus on at least one of predefined 31 PFAS. We will limit inclusions to peer-reviewed publications, pre-prints, and theses without any language restrictions. At least two authors will scan title, abstract and keywords, followed by full-text screening of included reviews.

Critical appraisal of reviews and synthesis methods

We will assess each review of the systematic review family referencing the AMSTAR2 checklist. We will collect information on conflict-of-interest statements, funding sources and availability of raw data and analysis code. We will extract relevant data from full texts and bibliographic records, conduct bibliometric analyses, and display findings as tables, figures and a narrative synopsis.

中文翻译：

---

人类、动物和环境的 PFAS 暴露：证据审查地图和文献计量分析的协议

背景

全氟和多氟烷基 (PFAS) 物质是一组人为有机化学品。PFAS 在工业和商业领域有许多应用。它们在环境中变得丰富，并在人类和动物的血液中被检测到。PFAS 暴露可能会增加某些疾病的风险。近年来，相关的一、二级文章急剧上升。

目标

我们的目标是整理叙述性和系统性评论，包括对 PFAS 暴露和负担的生物学、环境或医学方面的定性和定量综合，并创建证据审查图以实现三个主要目标。1) 映射以揭示有关 PFAS 的哪些证据已被系统审查以及可能需要综合的地方。2) 文献计量学：表征评论的跨学科性、独立性和连通性。3) 批判性评价：对纳入的审查结论的可靠性和方法的透明度进行评估。这篇综述概述将为未来的研究和政策制定提供信息。

搜索和学习资格

我们将对 Scopus、Web of Science、PubMed 和“灰色文献”进行系统搜索。要包含在地图中，研究必须是来自系统评价系列的评价，并且至少关注预定义的 31 种 PFAS 中的一种。我们将收录的内容仅限于同行评审的出版物、预印本和论文，没有任何语言限制。至少有两名作者将扫描标题、摘要和关键词，然后对包含的评论进行全文筛选。

评论和综合方法的批判性评价

我们将参考 AMSTAR2 清单评估系统评价系列的每条评价。我们将收集有关利益冲突声明、资金来源以及原始数据和分析代码可用性的信息。我们将从全文和书目记录中提取相关数据，进行文献计量分析，并将结果显示为表格、图形和叙述性概要。