Due to multimode coupling of the metal-grating assisted graphene plasmonic asymmetric system, multiple high-quality near-unity absorption enabling the quantitative manipulation, multiplexing function, high modulation efficiency and multi-functionalization of novel optical devices can be obtained. Since the spectral positions of the absorption peaks are with strong parabolic or linear relationship to the lower-layer graphene’s chemical potential or the dielectric spacer’s thickness, such system can be regarded as controllable modulators to realize electrically switchable effect, whose operation frequency can be tuned precisely over five discrete operation bandwidths. Excellent plasmonic switching is achieved, when a millimeter-level change of 0.0027 eV for the upper-layer graphene’s chemical potential can result in an intensity change ratio of 73.7%. Otherwise, the maximum optical sensitivity and FOM factor for sensing the analyte refractive index can reach up to 38.675 THz/RIU and 584, respectively. Besides, the ultrahigh sensitivity (1321.5 nm/RIU) for sensing the environment also enables the temperature detection, and the solution limit can be as down as the absolute zero (−273.15 °C). Moreover, the polarization-adjustable and incident angle-insensitive properties (up to 75°) further enhance the practicability and feasibility of the proposed system as sophisticated optoelectronic devices.

由于金属光栅辅助石墨烯等离子体不对称系统的多模耦合，可以获得多种高质量的近统一吸收，从而实现新型光学器件的定量操作、复用功能、高调制效率和多功能化。由于吸收峰的光谱位置与下层石墨烯的化学势或介电间隔物的厚度具有很强的抛物线或线性关系，因此该系统可视为可控调制器以实现电开关效应，其工作频率可以精确调谐超过五个离散操作带宽。当上层石墨烯的化学势的毫米级变化 0.0027 eV 可导致强度变化比为 73 时，实现了出色的等离子体切换。7%。否则，用于感测分析物折射率的最大光学灵敏度和 FOM 因子可分别达到 38.675 THz/RIU 和 584。此外，用于感知环境的超高灵敏度（1321.5 nm / RIU）还可以实现温度检测，并且溶液极限可低至绝对零（-273.15°C）。此外，偏振可调和入射角不敏感特性（高达 75°）进一步增强了所提出系统作为复杂光电器件的实用性和可行性。并且解极限可以低至绝对零 (-273.15 °C)。此外，偏振可调和入射角不敏感特性（高达 75°）进一步增强了所提出系统作为复杂光电器件的实用性和可行性。并且解极限可以低至绝对零 (-273.15 °C)。此外，偏振可调和入射角不敏感特性（高达 75°）进一步增强了所提出系统作为复杂光电器件的实用性和可行性。