The N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have a wide range of health benefits, including antiinflammatory effects, improvements in lipids metabolism and promoting insulin secretion, as well as reduction of cancer risk. Numerous studies support that N-3 PUFAs have the potentials to improve many metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity, which are attributable to N-3 PUFAs mediated enhancement of insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells and improvements in insulin sensitivity and metabolic disorders in peripheral insulin-sensitive tissues such as liver, muscles, and adipose tissue. In this review, we summarized the up-to-date clinical and basic studies on the regulatory effects and molecular mechanisms of N-3 PUFAs mediated benefits on pancreatic β-cells, adipose tissue, liver, and muscles in the context of glucose and/or lipid metabolic disorders. We also discussed the potential factors involved in the inconsistent results from different clinical researches of N-3 PUFAs.

中文翻译：

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N-3 PUFAs 对胰腺 β 细胞和胰岛素敏感组织的调节作用。

N-3 多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA) 具有广泛的健康益处，包括抗炎作用、改善脂质代谢和促进胰岛素分泌，以及降低癌症风险。大量研究支持 N-3 PUFA 具有改善许多代谢疾病的潜力，例如糖尿病、非酒精性脂肪肝和肥胖症，这归因于 N-3 PUFA 介导的胰腺 β 细胞分泌胰岛素的增强和胰岛素的改善外周胰岛素敏感组织如肝脏、肌肉和脂肪组织的敏感性和代谢紊乱。在这篇综述中，我们总结了关于 N-3 PUFAs 介导的胰腺 β 细胞、脂肪组织、肝脏、在葡萄糖和/或脂质代谢紊乱的情况下和肌肉。我们还讨论了 N-3 PUFA 不同临床研究结果不一致的潜在因素。