The Moon has experienced an intense bombardment history since its formation¹. Fragments of the impactor can remain on the lunar surface^2,3,4 and can provide evidence of the evolution of the impactor composition and impact population in the Earth–Moon system^3,4,5. However, the retained impactor fragments previously identified in the Apollo samples have been well mixed into bulk lunar regolith due to the subsequent impact gardening, and their properties cannot be easily isolated^3,6,7. Here we report observations of a two-metre-sized crater that formed less than one million years ago obtained by the Yutu-2 rover of Chang’e-4. Hyperspectral images in the visible and near-infrared range (0.45–0.945 μm) with a spatial resolution less than 1 mm per pixel highlight the presence of glassy material with high concentration (47%) of carbonaceous chondrites. We identify this material as remnants of the original impactor that was not entirely vaporized by the impact. Although carbonaceous chondrite fragments have been found in Apollo samples^8,9, no carbonaceous chondrite remnant had been directly observed on the lunar surface by remote sensing exploration. We suggest that carbonaceous chondrite-like bodies may still provide one of the sources of water to the present Moon.

月球自形成以来就经历了强烈的轰炸历史¹。撞击器的碎片可以留在月球表面^2,3,4，并且可以提供地球-月球系统中撞击器组成和撞击人口演变的证据^3,4,5。然而，由于随后的撞击园艺，先前在 Apollo 样品中发现的残留撞击碎片已经很好地混合到大块月球风化层中，并且它们的特性不容易分离^3,6,7. 在这里，我们报告了嫦娥四号的玉兔二号火星车在不到一百万年前形成的一个两米大小的陨石坑的观测结果。可见光和近红外范围 (0.45–0.945 μm) 的高光谱图像，空间分辨率小于 1 mm/像素，突出显示了具有高浓度 (47%) 碳质球粒陨石的玻璃材料的存在。我们将这种材料确定为原始撞击器的残余物，并未被撞击完全蒸发。虽然在 Apollo 样品中发现了碳质球粒陨石碎片^8,9，但通过遥感探测在月球表面没有直接观察到碳质球粒陨石残骸。我们认为，类似碳质球粒陨石的物体可能仍然是目前月球的水源之一。